1. Confucius b. 551 BC (Warring States Period)

2. Goal: Bring order (peace / stability) to China Beliefs: 1.Order can be maintained if everyone has a role and carries out their responsibilities in that role The Five Relationships Father – Son Ruler – subject Husband – Wife Old – Young Friend – Friend Authorities have the most responsibility to model ethical behavior to subordinates

3. 2. Reciprocity – treat others as you want to be treated 3. Filial Piety – Extreme devotion and obedience (unquestioning) must be shown to the authority by the subordinate 4. Idea of Society as Concentric Circles Order in the Home  Order in the Empire 5. The Mandate of Heaven rests on the ethical behavior of the ruler