1. Confucius

2. Shame

3. Confucius taught that when societies operate under laws, people are punished by authorities after having committed illegal activities. People generally conform to the laws, often without necessarily understanding the rationale behind them. He promoted a different way: to internalize behaviors so that actions are controlled beforehand. People then behave properly because they wish to avoid feeling shame and want to avoid losing face. In theory, the result is a reduction in the number of coercive laws required for smooth functioning of the society.

4. The Five Relationships Ruler to Ruled Father to Son Husband to Wife Old to Young Friend to Friend Obey your role And Work Hard