1. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Chapters 6 and 7

2. Photosynthesis Energy from the sun allows plants to grow Animals eat plants, acquire energy from the plants All energy originally from the sun

3. Photosynthesis Two categories of organisms: – Autotrophs - use energy from sunlight to make organic compounds. – Heterotrophs - organisms that must get energy from food instead of directly from sunlight

4. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis converts light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds.

5. Where does photosynthesis occur?

6. Classwork Define and sketch: Chloroplasts Thylakoids Grana Stroma

7. Photosynthesis

8. Photosynthesis can be divided into two stages: 1.Light Reactions – light energy is converted to chemical energy (light dependent) 2.Calvin Cycle – organic compounds are formed (light independent)

9. Photosynthesis Glucose (sugar)

10. Pigments (Part of Light Reaction) Pigments – compounds that absorb light Chloroplast pigments: – Chlorophylls – chlorophyll a is directly involved in light reactions of photosynthesis – Chlorophyll b – accessory pigment – Carotenoids – accessory pigment (yellow, orange & brown)

11. Light Reactions Uses light energy Converts light energy to chemical energy through photosystems Makes ATP (energy!) and NADPH Converts H 2 O into O 2 Takes place in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

12. Photosynthesis Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g78utcLQrJ 4

13. Light Reactions Photosystem II and Photosystem I Moves electrons

14. The Calvin Cycle Does not require light energy Uses energy produced in the light reactions Produces C 6 H 12 O 6 (sugar) from CO 2 (carbon dioxide)

15. Group Work Chloroplasts What is the structure of a chloroplast? Where are chloroplasts located? What are grana? Thylakoids? Thylakoid membranes? Where do the reactions of each stage of photosynthesis occur? Products and Reactants of Photosynthesis What are the two stages of photosynthesis? What are the products and reactants of photosynthesis? What are the products and reactants of the light reactions? What are the products and reactants of the Calvin Cycle?

16. Photosynthesis Crash Course https://youtu.be/sQK3Yr4Sc_k

17. CH 7: Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration – the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds.

18. Cellular Respiration Both autotrophs and heterotrophs use cellular respiration. The products of cellular respiration are the reactants in photosynthesis; conversely, the products of photosynthesis are reactants in cellular respiration.

20. Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration can be divided into two stages: 1.Glycolysis 2.Aerobic respiration

21. Glycolysis Takes place in the cytosol of cells. One six-carbon glucose molecule is oxidized to form two three-carbon pyruvic acid molecules. A net yield of two ATP molecules is produced.

22. Aerobic Respiration Second stage of cellular respiration. Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria. Can be divided into two steps: 1.Krebs Cycle 2.Electron Transport Chain

23. Krebs Cycle Breaks down Acetyl CoA (from pyruvic acid) to produce CO 2, hydrogen atoms, and ATP. Occurs in mitochondrial matrix.

24. Electron Transport Chain Second stage of aerobic respiration. Occurs in inner mitochondrial membrane. Transports electrons to make LOTS of ATP (38 total for ETC and Krebs) Uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor to make water.

25. Electron Transport Chain

26. A Summary Of Cellular Respiration

28. Fermentation Aerobic respiration can only take place when oxygen is present. When oxygen is not present, fermentation occurs. Two types of fermentation – Lactic acid – Alcoholic

29. Aerobic vs. Anaerobic

30. Fermentation

31. Cellular Respiration Crash Course: https://youtu.be/00jbG_cfGuQ

32. Self Quiz/ Classwork 1.What are the products and reactants of cellular respiration? 2.What types of organisms do cellular respiration? 3.What two main steps can cellular respiration be broken down into? How can this be broken down even further? 4.Why is oxygen so important in cellular respiration? What happens when there is no oxygen present? 5.How are the products and reactants of photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?