1. Chapter 22 Warm Up Why do you think so many teenagers choose to drink alcohol before they are legally able to? What are the risks of doing this?

2. Facts about Alcohol Ethanol is another name for alcohol. Ethanol is another name for alcohol. –It is a powerful and addictive drug. –It is produced by fermenting fruits, vegetables, and grains. –It can be processed to produce different liquors.

3. continued There are immediate effects when people consume alcohol. There are immediate effects when people consume alcohol. –A first reaction is an energy rush. –The nervous system slows down. –Clear thinking and good judgment are diminished. –A user can become intoxicated, where the body is poisoned and out of control.

4. Facts That Influence Alcohol Use Peer pressure is strong for teens who don’t drink, yet want to feel accepted within a group who does drink alcohol. Peer pressure is strong for teens who don’t drink, yet want to feel accepted within a group who does drink alcohol. If family members discourage teens from drinking alcohol, teens will more likely avoid drinking because they don’t want parental disapproval. If family members discourage teens from drinking alcohol, teens will more likely avoid drinking because they don’t want parental disapproval. If teens recognize what’s behind the media messages that promote drinking, they can better resist these influences. If teens recognize what’s behind the media messages that promote drinking, they can better resist these influences. Companies that produce alcoholic beverages spend billions of dollars to make drinking their products seem attractive. Teens need to analyze these ads. Companies that produce alcoholic beverages spend billions of dollars to make drinking their products seem attractive. Teens need to analyze these ads.

5. Alcohol’s Role in Unsafe Situations There are laws about using alcohol. There are laws about using alcohol. –It is illegal for ANYONE under 21 to buy, possess, or consume alcohol. –Teens can be arrested, fined, and sentenced to a detention center. Alcohol is linked to violence and sexual activity. Alcohol is linked to violence and sexual activity. –Teens who drink are more likely to become victims of rape or other violent crimes.

6. continued –Teens who drink become more involved in fights. –Teenage drinkers are more likely to become sexually active at an earlier age and engage in unprotected sex, resulting in unwanted pregnancies, HIV and STDs. Alcohol abuse is the excessive use of alcohol. Alcohol abuse is the excessive use of alcohol. –About 25 percent of all youth are exposed to family alcohol abuse.

7. continued –Youth who live with a family member who abuses alcohol are at high risk for neglect, abuse, and other hardships. –A person who begins drinking as a teen is four times more likely to develop alcohol dependence than an adult is. Combining alcohol and extracurricular activities is harmful. Combining alcohol and extracurricular activities is harmful. –Students who drink may be ineligible to participate in extracurricular activities and sports or may even be suspended from school. –A student’s future social, college, and job prospects may be harmed.

8. Being Alcohol Free Maintain a Healthy Body Maintain a Healthy Body Make Responsible Decisions Make Responsible Decisions Avoid Risky Behaviors Avoid Risky Behaviors Avoid Illegal Activities Avoid Illegal Activities

9. Strategies for Preventing Use of Alcohol Be Prepared to say “No”. Be Prepared to say “No”. Be Assertive. Be Assertive. Refuse to Drink. Refuse to Drink. Leave the Situation Quickly. Leave the Situation Quickly. Call for a Ride Home. Call for a Ride Home. Avoid Parties where Alcohol is Served. Avoid Parties where Alcohol is Served.

10. Chapter 22 Lesson 2 Short-Term Effects of Drinking Short-Term Effects of Drinking –Small bodies are affected faster than larger bodies with the same amount of alcohol. –Alcohol moves into the bloodstream faster in females. –Food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol into the bloodstream. –As the amount of alcohol intake increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream also rises.

11. Alcohol and Drug Interactions Alcohol doesn’t mix with medications or any other drugs. Alcohol doesn’t mix with medications or any other drugs. Alcohol-drug interactions can lead to illness, injury, or death. Alcohol-drug interactions can lead to illness, injury, or death. –Alcohol may slow down the drug’s absorption. –Medications can be broken down too fast to be effective. –Medications can change into chemicals that are damaging. –Alcohol can increase the effects of some drugs.

12. Alcohol and Drug Interactions The liver metabolizes the alcohol. The liver metabolizes the alcohol. Alcohol-drug interactions can have the multiplier effect – the medication has a greater or different effect than if taken alone. Alcohol-drug interactions can have the multiplier effect – the medication has a greater or different effect than if taken alone.

13. Driving Under the Influence Driving while intoxicated (DWI) from alcohol can be dangerous, even deadly. Driving while intoxicated (DWI) from alcohol can be dangerous, even deadly. –Alcohol impairs vision. –It slows down reaction time and coordination. –It increases risk-taking behaviors. –It reduces a person’s concentration. A person is intoxicated when his or her blood level exceeds the state’s legal limit. A person is intoxicated when his or her blood level exceeds the state’s legal limit. –Texas limit is.08 BAC

14. continued Teens face consequences when they are caught drinking and driving. Teens face consequences when they are caught drinking and driving. –Driving privileges are severely restricted, if not taken away. –Parental respect and trust is lost. –Offenders receive a possible police record and lawsuit. –Insurance rates can go higher. –Personal damages and property damage can occur. –Offenders might be arrested and given heavy fines.

15. Binge Drinking Drinking five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting is dangerous. Drinking five or more alcoholic drinks in one sitting is dangerous. It’s possible to consume a fatal amount of alcohol this way. It’s possible to consume a fatal amount of alcohol this way. It can cause alcohol poisoning. It can cause alcohol poisoning.

16. Alcohol Poisoning An overdose of alcohol that can cause a potentially fatal reaction. An overdose of alcohol that can cause a potentially fatal reaction. Alcohol acts as a depressant. Alcohol acts as a depressant. An overdose of alcohol can shut down breathing and other involuntary functions. An overdose of alcohol can shut down breathing and other involuntary functions. An intoxicated person can choke and be asphyxiated by their own vomit after consuming too much alcohol. An intoxicated person can choke and be asphyxiated by their own vomit after consuming too much alcohol.

17. Look for symptoms of alcohol poisoning in someone intoxicated There could be mental confusion, stupor, coma, vomiting, and seizures. There could be mental confusion, stupor, coma, vomiting, and seizures. The respiration slows down greatly. The respiration slows down greatly. There’s an irregular heartbeat. There’s an irregular heartbeat. Hypothermia causes skin to turn pale. Hypothermia causes skin to turn pale. Vomiting causes severe dehydration. Vomiting causes severe dehydration.

18. Chapter 22 Lesson 3 Long-Term Effects of Alcohol on the Body Long-Term Effects of Alcohol on the Body –Alcohol consumption leads to addiction, loss of brain function, and brain damage. –The heart is damaged or enlarged, and blood pressure levels are raised. –The liver builds up excess fat, becomes infected, and develops cirrhosis. –Alcohol can cause stomach ulcers and cancer. –Alcohol begins to destroy the pancreas and its lining.

19. Alcohol During Pregnancy Alcohol passes from the mother’s body into the bloodstream of the fetus. Alcohol passes from the mother’s body into the bloodstream of the fetus. Alcohol can cause permanent damage to the fetus. Alcohol can cause permanent damage to the fetus. The central nervous system of the fetus is affected by alcohol. The central nervous system of the fetus is affected by alcohol.

20. Effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome A baby can be born with a small (er than normal) head. A baby can be born with a small (er than normal) head. The body can become deformed. The body can become deformed. There can be vision and hearing problems. There can be vision and hearing problems. A baby can grow abnormally slowly and suffer from coordination problems. A baby can grow abnormally slowly and suffer from coordination problems. FAS is the leading cause of mental retardation. FAS is the leading cause of mental retardation.

21. Alcoholics They are dependent on alcohol. They are dependent on alcohol. They cannot limit their intake. They cannot limit their intake. They may experience nausea, shakiness, and other physical withdrawal symptoms. They may experience nausea, shakiness, and other physical withdrawal symptoms. Their bodies need increasingly more alcohol to feel its effects. Their bodies need increasingly more alcohol to feel its effects. They often suffer repeated injuries and accidents. They often suffer repeated injuries and accidents. They usually have poor relationships with family members. They usually have poor relationships with family members.

22. Stages of Alcoholism Stage 1 – The abuse of alcohol. Stage 1 – The abuse of alcohol. Stage 2 – The dependence of alcohol. Stage 2 – The dependence of alcohol. Stage 3 – The addiction of alcohol. Stage 3 – The addiction of alcohol.

23. Effects on family and Society Alcohol is a major factor in four leading causes of death: car accidents, falls, drowning, and house fires. Alcohol is a major factor in four leading causes of death: car accidents, falls, drowning, and house fires. Alcohol can cause violent crimes, such as homicide and rape. Alcohol can cause violent crimes, such as homicide and rape. Alcohol is a major factor in domestic violence. Alcohol is a major factor in domestic violence. Alcohol harms the emotional and social health of people associated with alcoholics. Alcohol harms the emotional and social health of people associated with alcoholics.

24. Treatment for Alcohol Abuse Alcoholism cannot be cured. Alcoholism cannot be cured. It can be treated through counseling and medication. It can be treated through counseling and medication.