Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byBuddy Fitzgerald Modified over 9 years ago
2
細菌的結構特色 細菌分泌毒素的系統 細菌毒性的基因調控 細菌生物膜的生成
4
Peptidoglycan backbone › N-acetylglucosamine (G) › N-acetylmuramic acid (M) Drug target › Penicillins, cephalosporins and vancomycin
5
4etr4
6
Sortase: › covalent attachment of C-terminus of the protein to peptidoglycan
7
LPS › Extremely low level (pg/ml) to induce the cytokines release TLR4 Lipoprotein Porins › 700 kDa Cytokines release
8
鞭毛 (Flagella) › 控制菌體的移動 纖毛 (Fimbriae, pili) › 促使細菌黏附於細胞表面 接合纖毛、性線毛 (Conjugative (sex) pili) › 細菌與細菌來傳遞其遺傳訊息
9
莢膜多醣體 (Capsule polysaccharides) › 抗吞噬 › 抵禦外界藥物的侵襲 › 如 Klebsiella pneumoniae
10
獲取營養來源 › Protease, nuclease, polysaccharidease, and lipase 與宿主細胞交互作用 › 分泌毒素至宿主細胞
12
細菌會隨著環境的改變而調整其基因的表現 量 › 基因調控 雙分子調節系統 (Two-component system) 細菌特有 › 後轉錄修飾系統 › Antigenic and phase variation › 可移動的基因序列 (Mobile genetic elements) › 致病性島嶼 (Pathogenicity islands)
13
H P Signal D HTH P Input domain Transmitter domain Receiver domain output domain ATP ADP Transcription factor Cytoplasm Inner membrane sensor
14
RNA 的二級結構 Terminator structure Attenuation
15
Small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) › 50 to 200 nucleotides › Expressed under specific growth, stress or virulence conditions › Regulation is negative and occur at the level of translation initiation
18
菌體表面成份表現量會改變 › 可受宿主免疫系統辨識到抗原 Pili, outermembrane protein, flagella et al
20
質體、跳躍子、噬菌體 › 細菌可用來獲得新的基因序列
21
Horizontal gene transfer Transferable plasmids and exchanged among species, genera, and even families of bacteria Point mutations in the pathogen genome About 1 in 10 8 per chromosomal replication
22
Large elements (> 30 kb) that carry virulence genes Different GC content as compared with the rest of the host genome Associated with tRNA genes and/or IS elements Carry mobility genes Unstable
24
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/ 文獻的搜尋 › PUDMED 基因的訊息 › GENE › NECEOTIDE 蛋白質的訊息 › PROTEIN › STRUCTURE
26
fimH › 是細菌纖毛的組成之一
28
功能相似或者互相輔助的基因為了演化的方 便,通常會坐落在同一區域 › 所以坐落於附近的基因功能可能是具有相關性的 Fim Type III secretion pathway
29
BLASTX
31
>sample 1 atggtgcttggcaaaccgcaaacagaccctacccttgaatggttcttgtctcattgcca cattcataagtacccatcaaagagcacgctgatccaccagggtgaaaaagcagaa acgctgtactacatcgttaaaggctccgtggctgtactcatcaaggatgaagaaggta aagagatgatcctctcctacctcaaccagggcgatttcatcggtgaattaggcctgtttg aagagggtcaggagcgtagcgcctgggtacgggcgaaaaccgcatgtgaagtgg ccgaaatctcttataagaaattccgtcagctgatccaggtgaacccggacattctgatg cgtctctcttcgcaaatggctcgccgtctgcaggtcacgtctgagaaagtgggcaacc tggccttcctcgacgtgacgggccgtatcgcccagacgctgctgaacctggcgaag caaccggatgccatgacccacccggacggtatgcaaattaaaattacccgccagg aaattggtcagatcgtcggctgctctcgtgaaaccgttggtcgtattttgaaaatgctgg aagatcagaacctgatttccgcgcacggtaaaaccatcgtcgtctacggcacccgtt aa
35
Homolog › A gene related to a second gene by descent from a common ancestral DNA sequence Ortholog › Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation Paralog › Paralogs are genes related by duplication within a genome
36
在克雷白氏肺炎桿菌 (Klebsiella pneumoniae CG43) 中我們發現了兩段有趣的序列,請問同學下列問題 : 這個序列是甚麼蛋白質 ? 帶有甚麼 domain? 周圍是否有群聚的基因呢 ? 在細菌裡可能扮演甚麼角 色呢 ? 可以舉例有哪些 Ortholog 和 Paralog 哪個適合當抗菌的藥物標靶
37
>1 atgcaagagaattataagattctggttgtggatgacgacatgcgcctgcgtgcgctgctcg agcgttatctgaccgagcagggcttccaggttcgtagcgtggcgaacgccgaacagat ggatcgtctgttaacccgtgaatccttccacctgatggtgctggatctgatgctgccgggcg aagatggtctctctatctgccgtcgtctgcgcagccagagtaacccgatgccgatcattat ggtgacggcgaaaggcgaagaggtcgatcggatcgtgggtctggagatcggggctga cgactatattccgaagccgtttaacccgcgcgaactgctggcccgcatccgggcggtgc tgcgccgccaggcgaacgagctgccgggcgcgccgtcgcaggaagaggcggttatc gcctttggtaaattcaaactgaatttaggcacccgcgagatgttccgtgaagacgagccg atgccgttgaccagcggcgaattcgcggtcctgaaggcgctggtgagccatccccgtga gccgctgtcgcgcgataagctgatgaacctcgcccgcggccgcgaatactctgcgatg gagcgctccatcgacgtacagatctcccgcctgcgccgcatggtggaagaggacccg gcgcatccgcgctacatccagaccgtctggggtctgggctacgtcttcgtcccggacggt tctaaggca
38
>2 gtggctggagagccagccgcgcatcctgccggtgacgattcaccgcgacgaggcgatggccgagtgcctggcggcgaaacaacct ctcggggagtatcgtcaggattcgctggcggcggaagaggtgctgaccctggcgaactggtgcctgatccactattccgccgggagag cggcatgatccgcctcagtacgctgctgctggccccgccggtgggggagcggctgcgtgcgcgctatgatgactatcggcagcacgg cgcttcgtggctgtcggcgtcgcttggctgtctgtgggcgtcgctggtctgggcgctgatgccgctggagacgccgcgctggcaggcgatt ctggcccgccatgaaacctattttccccacataaatccgcatcgcccgcgtccgctggatccgctgcgctacctgctgcaatccctgtgg ttactgacgacgcgcgtgccggagccggagaaaaaggtcaactggcgttcgctggcggcgctggaaggggtgcacggtcgctatac gcagtggctggaaaaattgcctgagcagatgaacgcccgcaccggccatctggataaacagaaagagctggcgcacctcaatccta aactgcgccgggcgatccttgggggggtgaccttctgctcgctggtgctggcgctgatgtgtattacgcagccctttaacccgctgtcgca gtttatcttcctgatgctgttgtggggcgtggcgctgctggtgcgacgcatcccgggccgtttctcggcgctgatgctgatcgtgctgtcgctg acggtgtcgtgccgctatatctggtggcgctatacctcgacgctgaactggaacgacccggtaagcctggtgtgcgggatcattctgctgt tcgcagagacctacgcctgggtggtgctggtgctgggctacttccaggtggtctggccgctgaatcgccagccggtgccgctgccggag gacatggatttgtggccaaccgtggacatcttcgtccccacctataacgaagatctcaacgtggtgaaaaacaccatttacgcctcgca gggcatcgactggccgaaggacaagctgaacatctggatcctcgacgacggcggacgggaagcgtttcgccagtttgccaaagatgt tggggtgcactatatcgcccgcaccagccacgaacacgccaaggccggcaacatcaataatgcgctgaaatatgccaaaggggag ttcgtctcgatctttgactgcgaccatgtgccgacgcgctcgtttctgcagatgactatgggctggttcctgaaagagaaagagctggcgat gatgcagaccccgcaccacttcttctcgcccgatccctttgagcgcaaccttggtcgttttcgcaaaacgccgaacgaagggacgctatt ctacggcctggtgcaggacgggaacgacatgtgggacgccaccttcttctgcggctcctgcgccgttatccgccgcggcccgctggac gaaattggcgggatagccgtcgaaacggtgaccgaagatgcccacacctcgctgcgtctgcaccggcggggatatacctccgcctat atgcgtattccgcaggcggcggggctggcgacggagagtttatccgcgcatatcggccagcgcatccgctgggcgcgcgggatggtg cagatattccgcctcgataatccgctgtttggcaaaggcctgaagctggtgcagcgcgtctgctacgccaacgccatgcttcactttctctc cggtattccgcgcctcatcttcctcacggcgccgctggcctttttgctgctccatgcctatatcatttatgcgccagcgctgatgatcgcgcta ttcgtgttgccgcacatgatccacgccagcctgaccaactcgaagattcagggcaaatatcgccattcgttctggagtgaaatttacgag acggtgctggcctggtatatcgcgccgcccacttttgtggcgctgatcaacccgcataaaggcaagttcaacgtcaccgcgaagggcg ggctggtggaagaggagtatgtcgactgggtgatctcccggccctatatctacctggtgctgctcaatctggtcggcgtcgcggtggggat ctggcgcttcatgtacggcccggaaaatgaaattctcaccgtctgggtgagtattgtctgggtattctacaacctgattattcttggcggcgc ggtggcggtctcggttgaaagcaagcaggttcgccgttcgcaccgtgtcgaaatgagcatgccggcggctatcgcccgcgaagatgg ccacctgttctcctgcaccgtccacgactattccgacggcggactggggatcaaaattaacggcgacgcgcaggtgctggaaggcca gaacgccaggctgctgctcaaacggggacagcaggagtatgccttcccggtcagggtcgcgcgggtcaacggcagcgaagtgggg ctccagctgctgccgttaaccaaccagcagcatatcgattttgtgcagtgtacgtttgcccgcgctgatacgtgggcgctttggcaggata gcttcccggaagataagccgatggaaagcctgctggatatcctcaagctgggctttcgtggctatcgtcacctggcggagttttcgccgc cgtcggtgaaggtggttttccgcgcgctcacttcgctggtggcctggatagcgtcgtttgtaccccgacgccctgaacgcgccgcgccga cgctctccgcagacccggcaatggctcaacaa
39
對於研究細菌的致病機轉有興趣之大一或大二同 學 › 學習細菌培養、基因調控、分子生物學等相關技術 › 文獻之討論 › 定期之實驗進度報告 › 研討會之參與 › 科技部大專生專題計畫之申請 有興趣者請洽中國醫藥大學中醫學系林靖婷老師 gingting@mail.cmu.edu.tw
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.