1. Research and Innovation in the measurement of well-being (the swing of the pendulum) The common path to face the challenges of equitable and sustainable well-being Giorgio Sirilli ISSiRFA - CNR

2. Scientific research (R&D) and innovation have a “loose” relationship with equitable and sustainable well-being Scientific research is an activity while innovation manifest itself in a new product or process Technological innovation goes hand in hand with other types of innovation: organisational, marketing, aesthetic These phenomena shange slowly over time Some theoretical issues

3. For 2,500 years innovation was an eminently contested idea. It was pejorative and negative. An innovator was a deviant, a revolutionary, a socialist. For centuries innovation was essentially a political concept In the nineteen and twentieth century innovation became an object of praise and fashion: from a vice to a virtue. “Innovation is always good” In the twentieth century the concept became restricted to technological innovation The relationship between innovation and imitation: economists vs sociologists Some theoretical issues - Innovation

4. The report

5. At the basis of progress Research and innovation represent an indirect determinant of well-being. They are at the basis of the social and economic progress, and provide a fundamental contribution to a sustainable and durable development. In the identification of suitable indicators, those which best reflect phenomena such as research, innovation and high level professional capabilities have been privileged. R&D and innovation indicators which have been selected refer to different dimensions of knowledge: creation, application and diffusion.

6. Interaction with other BES domains Discrimination capacity, stability, durability Saturation, obsolescence Frequent spatial and time comparisons Regional and international data in time sieries Parsimony, progressiveness, robustness Few key indicators amenable to be integrated with others; international data sources to be privileged Choice of indicators

7. A first list (14 indicators) Digital inclusion (3 indicators) Creation and use of knowledge in the economic system (6 indicators) Results of the use of knowledge (5 indicators) The final list (7 indicators) Creation of knowledge Application and diffusion of knowledge Our story: from 14 to 7 indicators

8. Intensity of Internet use Use of web 2.0 technologies from individuals Digitalisation of the services provided by local authorities Digital inclusion

9. R&D intensity (R&D/Gdp) Knowledge workers on employment Researchers on employment PhDs on employment Highly qualified human resources working abroad Scientific publications Creation and use of knowledge in the economic system

10. Innovation rate of the national production system Innovation rate of product/service of the national production system Propensity to patent Propensity to patent in social and environmental fields Production specialisation of knowledge-intensive sectors Results of the use of knowledge

11. Creation of knowledge Application and diffusion of knowledge Final result

12. 1. R&D intensity: Percentage of R&D expenditure on GDP 2. Propensity to patent: Number of patent applications filed to the European Patent Office (EPO) per million of inhabitants 3. Impact of knowledge workers on employment: Percentage of persons employed with university education (ISCED 5-6) in scientific- technological occupations (ISCO 2-3) on total persons employed 4. Innovation rate of the production system: Percentage of firms that have introduced technological (product or process), organizational or marketing innovation in a three-year period on total number of firms with at least 10 number of persons employed (7 indicators)

13. 5. Innovation rate of product/service of the national production system: Percentage of firms that have introduced innovations of product/service in a three-years period on total number of firms with at least 10 number of persons employed 6. Production specialization in knowledge-intensive sectors: Percentage of persons employed in high-tech manufacturing sectors and those in knowledge-intensive services on total of persons employed 7. Intensity of Internet use: Percentage of people aged 16-74 years who have used internet at least once a week during the 12 months before the interview on total people aged 16-74 years (7 indicators cont’d)

14. 8. Highly qualified human resources working abroad: Percentage of graduates and PhD graduates (ISCED 5 -6) working abroad on total labor force with university education. (Possible candidate)

15. Digital inclusion Creation and use of knowledge Results of the use of knowledge Number of Tables in Report (10) Selected indicators (7) Proposed indicators (14) Areas (3)

16. Digital inclusion Creation and use of knowledge Results of the use of knowledge Number of Tables in Report (10) Selected indicators (7) Proposed indicators (14) Areas (3)

17. Digital inclusion Creation and use of knowledge Results of the use of knowledge Number of Tables in Report (10) Selected indicators (7) Proposed indicators (14) Areas (3)

18. Some examples (to be added)

19. R&D

20. Patents

21. Human resources

22. Innovation

23. Internet

25. The swing of the pendulum From society… to economy (14 indicators) (7 indicators)

26. Thank you