1. Topic : Pollution in Cities

2. About the Topic Basically speaking, the environment is the world we live in, and the natural surroundings. There is much talk about the effect man is having on the environment as we continue to spread our cities, produce garbage, mine minerals, chop down trees for wood and paper, and initiate many other harmful attacks on “ mother nature ”. Basically speaking, the environment is the world we live in, and the natural surroundings. There is much talk about the effect man is having on the environment as we continue to spread our cities, produce garbage, mine minerals, chop down trees for wood and paper, and initiate many other harmful attacks on “ mother nature ”.

3. Words& Expressions 农田（ farmland ） 消失（ disappear ） 气候 （ climate ） 农田（ farmland ） 消失（ disappear ） 气候 （ climate ） 环境（ environment ） 大自然（ mother nature ） 环境（ environment ） 大自然（ mother nature ） 垃圾 (garbage) 扔杂物 (litter) 回收 (recycle) 垃圾 (garbage) 扔杂物 (litter) 回收 (recycle)

4. control of noise and vibration; control of noise and vibration; control of dust and poison; control of dust and poison; environmental protection and sustainable development; environmental protection and sustainable development; global environmental changes; global environmental changes; water resources protection; water resources protection; ecologic engineering; ecologic engineering; the disposal and use /reuse of solid wastes; the disposal and use /reuse of solid wastes; development of environmental devices; development of environmental devices;

5. Building a city can be a disaster for the environment. Building a city can be a disaster for the environment. Building a nuclear power plant now would not be doing the environment any favors. Building a nuclear power plant now would not be doing the environment any favors. There are many natural catastrophes occurring in nature. There are many natural catastrophes occurring in nature. Don ’ t litter. Don ’ t litter. We rely on the Earth for everything we need to survive, so let ’ s take care of it. We rely on the Earth for everything we need to survive, so let ’ s take care of it.

7. Part 1(5 minutes) Examiner: Examiner: Good morning, everybody. Could you please tell me your name and the number of your admission ticket? Your name, please. And your number?...Your name? … And your number?... Thank you. Good morning, everybody. Could you please tell me your name and the number of your admission ticket? Your name, please. And your number?...Your name? … And your number?... Thank you. Now would you please briefly introduce yourselves to each other? Remember, you should not mention the name of your university.(1.5minutes) Now would you please briefly introduce yourselves to each other? Remember, you should not mention the name of your university.(1.5minutes)

8. Ok, now that we know each other we can do some group work. First of all, I ’ d like to ask each of you a question. Ok, now that we know each other we can do some group work. First of all, I ’ d like to ask each of you a question. (c1,c2,c3) (c1,c2,c3) 1) Are you satisfied with the environment you are living in? 2) Has your university done anything to protect the campus environment? (If yes, what has it done?/ If not, why not?) 3) Why is environmental protection important? 4) Is environmental pollution a local or global problem? ( Please explain.) 5) Which do you think is more important, environmental protection or economic development? ( Please explain.)

9. Part 2 (10 minutes) Examiner: Examiner: Now let ’ s move on to something more specific. The topic for our discussion today is “ Pollution in Cities ”. Each of you will be given a card with four pictures showing different kinds of pollution. I ’ d like you to describe briefly the kind of pollution that is shown in your picture. You ’ ll have one minute to prepare and each of you will have one and a half minutes to give your presentation. Don ’ t worry if I interrupt you when time is up. Now here are your cards. Now let ’ s move on to something more specific. The topic for our discussion today is “ Pollution in Cities ”. Each of you will be given a card with four pictures showing different kinds of pollution. I ’ d like you to describe briefly the kind of pollution that is shown in your picture. You ’ ll have one minute to prepare and each of you will have one and a half minutes to give your presentation. Don ’ t worry if I interrupt you when time is up. Now here are your cards.

11. Pollutions Water pollution Water pollution Air pollution Air pollution Noise pollution Noise pollution “ white ” pollution “ white ” pollution

12. [One minute later] [One minute later] Now,[C1], would you please begin? [C2] and [C3], please put your cards aside and listen to what [C1] has to say. [1.5 minutes later] Ok. [C2], now it ’ s your turn. [1.5 minutes later] Ok. [C3], and now it ’ s your turn.

13. Right. Now we all have some idea of the pollution in cities. I ’ d like you to discuss this topic further and see if you can agree on which kind of pollution is most harmful to our health. During the discussion you may argue with each other or ask each other questions to clarify a point. You ’ ll have about four and a half minutes for the discussion. Your performance will be judged according to your contribution to the discussion. Right. Now we all have some idea of the pollution in cities. I ’ d like you to discuss this topic further and see if you can agree on which kind of pollution is most harmful to our health. During the discussion you may argue with each other or ask each other questions to clarify a point. You ’ ll have about four and a half minutes for the discussion. Your performance will be judged according to your contribution to the discussion.

14. [ If one candidate talks too long] [ If one candidate talks too long] Sorry, I ’ ll have to interrupt you here. Let ’ s listen to what [C?] has to say. [If one candidate keeps silent for a long time]/[If the group is silent for some time, then ask one of the candidates to start the discussion.] [If one candidate keeps silent for a long time]/[If the group is silent for some time, then ask one of the candidates to start the discussion.] Now, [C?], could you say something about your view (on … )? [4.5 minutes later] [4.5 minutes later] All right, that ’ s the end of the discussion.

15. Part 3 (5 minutes) Now I ‘ d like to ask you just one last question on the topic of “ Pollution in Cities. ” Now I ‘ d like to ask you just one last question on the topic of “ Pollution in Cities. ” [ Select a question from the following list to ask each of the candidates.] [ Select a question from the following list to ask each of the candidates.] [C1, C2, C3] [C1, C2, C3]

16. 1) What can we do as individuals to protect the environment? 2) What can we do to make people more environmentally conscious? 3) Where do you find more pollution, in the cities or in the countryside? Why do you think so ? 4) What can the city government do to promote environmental protection? 5) Do you think the environment today is cleaner than before? 6) What do you think should be done to protect the environment? Ok,that ’ s the end of the test. Thank you,every body. Ok,that ’ s the end of the test. Thank you,every body.

17. Thinking of It What have been done by government? Are they effective ? What have been done by government? Are they effective ? We hear everyday about the terrible condition of the Earth, but no one seems willing to change their habits and save the environment. Should the government crack down on environment issues and force us all to recycle and care for the Earth, or should it be up to everyone ’ s own conscience? We hear everyday about the terrible condition of the Earth, but no one seems willing to change their habits and save the environment. Should the government crack down on environment issues and force us all to recycle and care for the Earth, or should it be up to everyone ’ s own conscience?

18. Extra Questions Today a lot of trees are being cut down because people need more wood and farmland. But what will happen if the trees disappear? Today a lot of trees are being cut down because people need more wood and farmland. But what will happen if the trees disappear? Economic development will inevitably generate industrial waste which in turn will cause pollution to the living environment. Economic prosperity and a clean environment can not coexist. You have to make a choice between the two. Economic development will inevitably generate industrial waste which in turn will cause pollution to the living environment. Economic prosperity and a clean environment can not coexist. You have to make a choice between the two. What have been done by government? Are they effective ? What have been done by government? Are they effective ?