1. CONTINENTALITY AND CLIMATE Continentality – refers to a place being located away from the ocean. Temperature range – the difference between the highest and lowest average annual temperatures. Complete the following chart based on the information in Fig 4.18 pg 70. CityMin TempMax TempDistance From Sea (km)Temp Range Charlottetown- 7+ 190 Halifax- 3+ 190 Kamloops- 6+ 21200 Medicine Hat- 10+ 21850 Ottawa- 11+ 21700 Quebec City- 11+ 20350 Regina- 17+ 191350 Saint John- 8+ 170 St. John’s- 4+ 150 Vancouver+ 3+ 170 Winnipeg- 18+ 202200 26 22 27 31 32 31 36 25 19 14 38

2. Continental vs. Maritime Climates Continental climates experience greater extremes of temperature. As distance from the ocean increases, annual temperature range increases. Hot summers & colder winters

3. Maritime climates experience lower extremes of temperature. As distance from the ocean decreases, annual temperature range decreases. Warm summers & cool winters

4. Which location would have the highest temperature range? Which location would be affected by continentality the most? A B C D E F C G

5. Which location would have the lowest temperature range? A C B D B

6. Monsoon Monsoon - the seasonal change in wind direction. (in the tropics) India’s Summer Monsoon LOW HIGH * Continent heats up so low pressure over land. * Water is cooler so high pressure there. * Wet season results because the wind is blowing from the Indian Ocean.

7. India’s Winter Monsoon * The land cools and a high pressure occurs. * The water is warmer and a low pressure occurs. * Dry season results because the wind blows from the land to the ocean. HIGH LOW Continental areas have most precipitation in the summer while maritime areas have most precipitation in the winter.