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Hero’s Journey
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Steps of the Journey Archetypes
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Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call
Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Journey Marks a transition from childhood to adulthood
If Hero is an adult, they overcome a flaw, often one that is psychological
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The Hero’s job is to…
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RESTORE BALANCE
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Three Basic Types of Journeys
Quest for the Elixir Slay the Dragon Rescue the Maiden
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Quest for Elixir
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Slay the Dragon
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Theseus
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Rescue the Maiden
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Hero Archetypes Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Early Heroes Beowulf Theseus Hercules
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Hero Divine Right of Kings
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King Arthur
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Hero Protagonist Noble Birth
Often has a flaw that will be worked out during story CHARACTER ARC Special Ability from whom something has been taken feels something is lacking from the normal experiences available or permitted to the members of his society
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Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call
Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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ORDINARY WORLD Hero in mundane surroundings At home At work
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Call to Adventure Steps Ordinary World Refusal of the Call
Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Call to Adventure Hero receives a call to adventure
Call can be in many forms Odysseus – Calypso tells him he can go JAWS – phone call to Brody Wizard of OZ – Tornado Lion King – Nala tells Simba of pride’s misfortunes
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Herald Archetypes Hero Threshold Guardian Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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HERALD Brings the news to the Hero Character Event Object
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Refusal of the Call Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure
Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Refusal of the Call Hero refuses to go on adventure Internal External
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Threshold Guardian Archetypes Hero Herald Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Threshold Guardians Aunt and Uncle in Harry Potter
Fear of water in Jaws Uncle in Star Wars Guilt over father’s death – Lion King Distrust of Calypso - Odysseus
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Meeting with the Mentor
Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Meeting with the Mentor
Mentor’s role is to get Hero to accept Call to Adventure Often teaches the Hero how to survive in Magical World Is often an older man or woman and was a Hero in his/her own story Usually dies or leaves so hero can face Shadow alone
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Mentor Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Mentor Mentor – Odysseus - Telemachus Obi Wan Kenobi
Rafiki – Lion King Matt Hooper – Jaws Glinda – Wizard of Oz Fairy Godmother – Ashenputtle Cinderella Dumbledore – Harry Potter Morpheus – The Matrix
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Special Weapon The Mentor often gives the Hero a special weapon or special knowledge This weapon is often what allows the Hero to complete their quest Perseus – Athena’s Shield and Herme’s Sword
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Crossing the First Threshold
Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Crossing the First Threshold
Hero crosses from Ordinary World into Magical World Often crosses a special portal or boundary Platform 9 ¾ - Harry Potter Mos Eisley – Star Wars Landing in Oz Leaving Ogyia – Odysseus Wardrobe – Chronicles of Narnia
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Tests, Allies and Enemies
Hero learns about rules in Magical World Hero is REACTIVE Mentor trains Hero Hero is tested Watering Hole – Hero often meets potential allies and henchmen of the Shadow at a bar, restaurant, or similar type scene
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Watering Hole Sorting Hat Ceremony – Harry Potter
Space Port Bar – Star Wars Many feasts and sacrifices Simba learns to eat bugs A place to meet other archetypes such as Trickster, Shapeshifter, Sidekicks, and Henchmen
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Your school’s Watering Hole?
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Training
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Tests
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Trickster Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Trickster Provides comic relief Unpredictable Crazy
Often gets Hero into trouble May be aligned with Hero, Shadow or Independent
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Shapeshifter Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor
Trickster Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Shapeshifter Difficult to determine the Shapeshifter’s allegiance
Their allegiance often changes or appears to change Adds to dramatic tension Proteus Zeus Femme fatal in love stories
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Shadow Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Shadow Shadow often represents what the Hero fears in him/herself
Quality of the Shadow is critical to success of the story Rival in love stories The Shadow character is normally filled with a huge amount of repressed energy and emotion, aspects of the protagonist that have festered from lack of expression.
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Sidekicks Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Sidekicks - Allies Hero’s helpers Trusted servant
May have qualities of other Archetypes Trickster Shapeshifter
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Henchmen Archetypes Hero Herald Threshold Guardian Mentor Trickster
Shapeshifter Shadow Sidekicks Henchmen
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Henchmen The Shadow’s helpers May be quite memorable characters
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Approach to the Inmost Cave
Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approach to the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Approach to the Inmost Cave
Hero becomes PROACTIVE Hero gets his comrades together Hero makes plans Crossing of another threshold to go deeper into Magical World
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Supreme Ordeal Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure
Refusal of the Call Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Supreme Ordeal Hero appears to die
Hero witnesses death – often the Mentor dies here Hero causes death Hero faces Shadow or Shadow’s top Henchmen
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Supreme Ordeal Sometimes the Supreme Ordeal is the finale. If so, the rest of the journey is as follows: Reward Return with the elixir
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Reward Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call
Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Reward Hero gets the Elixir Rescues the maiden
One last respite before finale If Hero loses Supreme Ordeal they escape
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Road Back Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure Refusal of the Call
Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Road Back Shadow chases Hero to get Elixir back
Hero chases Shadow to destroy him/her If Hero loses the Supreme Ordeal, she now rallies the troops and/or prepares to have one last battle with Shadow
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Resurrection Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure
Refusal of the Call Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Resurrection Final showdown between Hero and Shadow
Hero must face Shadow alone Death and rebirth of Hero – Hero must overcome character flaw in order to defeat the Shadow
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Return with the Elixir Steps Ordinary World Call to Adventure
Refusal of the Call Meeting with the Mentor Crossing the First Threshold Test, Allies, and Enemies Approaching the Inmost Cave Supreme Ordeal Reward Road Back Resurrection Return with the Elixir
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Return with the Elixir Hero returns to Ordinary World
Rightful King takes place Balance is restored via return of the elixir Monster is slain Princess is returned Hero may be recognized by villagers Boy has become a man Girl has become a woman
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