1. M&E TRAINING MODULES Different tools for different applications

2. RESULT FRAMEWORKS... The result framework is “the programme logic that explains how the development objective is to be achieved, including causal relationships and underlying assumptions” (OECD/ DAC, 2002). Goal Outcome Output

3. ... AND LOGIC MODELS Impact Outcome Output Result frameworks focus on outcomes, objectives, impact/goals. Goal Outcome Output Goal Outcome Output

4. LOGFRAMES A management tool used to improve the design of interventions, most often at the project level. It involves identifying: strategic elements (inputs, outputs, outcomes and impact) their causal relationships Indicators assumptions and risks that may influence success and failure.

5. LOGIC MODELS, LOGFRAMES Impact Outcome Output Impact Outcome Output Both logic models and logframes emphasise the causal hierarchy of the programme. Compared with logframes, logic models tend to present a better graphic overview: they highlight the links and sequencing between different facets and/or activities in a programme over time. In a logframe the same information is organised in a matrix table.

6. LOGIC MODELS, LOGFRAMES Impact Outcome Output Logframes take the analysis further to the identification of indicators and the means of verification (or sources of data) for those indicators. Logframes push a discipline of identifying indicators for each component in the logic model. Assumptions are an integral part of the matrix. Assumptions may also include the outcomes of other projects or of activities of other organisations.