1. Eukaryotic cells LO:to be able to label a diagram of a eukaryotic cell :to know the structure and function of RER, SER, ribosomes and mitochondria. :to be able to complete magnification calculations.

3. Eukaryotic cells

4. Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 types ▫Rough ▫Smooth ER is a 3D system of sheet-like membranes ▫Continuous with nuclear envelope ▫Enclose flattened sacs called cristernae.

5. Rough ER Prevalent in epithelial cells of intestine. Ribosomes are attached to it. Provides large surface area for protein synthesis. Involved in transport of materials around the cell (esp. protein) ▫Proteins pass through pores into the ER where they are transported in a vesicle to the Golgi body.

6. Smooth ER Prevalent in brain and liver. No ribosomes attached. Synthesises, stores and transports lipids (fats). Synthesises, stores and transports carbohydrates.

7. Ribosomes

8. Loose in cystol or associated with ER. 80S in eukaryotic cells- about 25nm diameter. Made of 2 subunits ▫1 large, 1 small ▫Each contains ribosomal RNA and protein ▫Components are made in nucleolus and combine in cystol. Involved in protein synthesis.

9. Mitochondria

10. Rod shaped organelle, 1-10µm in length. Made up of: ▫Double membrane  Outer membrane controls entrance/exit to the organelle  Inner membrane folds to form cristae. ▫Cristae provide a large surface area for enzymes involved in respiration. ▫Matrix  Makes up the remainder  Semi-rigid fluid.  Contains proteins (inc. enzymes), lipids and traces of DNA. This allows the mitochondrion to control its own protein synthesis!

11. Golgi Apparatus and Lysosomes Read the section on Golgi apparatus and lysosomes on page 17 and make notes.