1. Science applications for EISCAT-3D: possibilities for atmospheric research from the mesosphere down to the troposphere Evgenia Belova, Sheila Kirkwood Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden

2. From mesosphere… PMSE/PMWE research NLCs. Photo by P.Dalin PMSE with MST 50 MHz and EISCAT VHF radars Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes and Noctilucent Clouds, NLCs

3. SOFIE – Solar Occultation FOr Ice on the ÀIM satellite MARA –Moveable Atmospheric Radar for Antarctica PMSE VR ~ N e  M ice Now: Ne measurements are not possible during PMSE EISCAT_3D: common volume measurements PMSE from transmitting site and Ne from remote sites Kirkwood et al., submitted to AnGeo

4. Belova et al. 2005 Polar Mesosphere Winter Echoes Now: strength, spectral widths, vertical winds above ~65 km EISCAT_3D: horizontal winds, arrival angle (aspect sensitivity), 3D distribution over the whole beam The same set of parameters as ESRAD but for 60 cm length-scale plus extra. Lower altitudes 50-70 km capabilities to detect more scattering layers V hor ~ 300-400 m/s

5. Down to the troposphere… Novel applications for EISCAT_3D: Fine-scale layering in the troposhere/lower stratosphere (up to 12-18 km) Turbulent mixing Wave propagation in the stratosphere Scatter of radar wave is on fluctuations of humidity, neutral temperature, Ne Hocking, 1985

6. Fine-scale layers in the troposphere/lower stratosphere Hooper et al., 2004 July 2009 ESRAD 50 MHz radar Temperature profiles/structure (both vertical and horizontal)

7. Turbulent mixing associated with the tropopause fold: stratospheric air can be transported into the troposphere Rao et al. 2006

8. GW propagation in the stratosphere

9. Summary Interferometric measurements for mesosphere; 3D-structure Lower altitudes coverage with interferometric capabilities; 3D- structure Raw data (I&Q) is required Extra: Small moveable system (for field/expedition measurements)