1. Announcements Urban Forestry project continues!!! Discussion on reading.

2. Reading Natural shattering of seed in rice. Genes of large effect vs. many genes of small effect QTL analysis – what is it? Crossing studies – Regulation of abscission very important to plants

3. What do you think are the most important questions? How can the many challenges we face be resolved? Conservation Biology

4. Plant diversity Will start following the book much more closely. Would be useful to bring your books to class. Chapter 7 for today's lecture

5. Evolution of plant diversity Endosymbiosis has evolved several times, including several separate events creating 'chloroplasts' Figure 7.1 Figure 7.2

6. Algae Red Algae (Rhodopytes) Brown Algae (Phaeophytes) Diatoms (Bacillariophytes) Dinoflagellates Chlorophytes – Chara

7. Red Algae

8. Typically in deep water Often 'crustose' Quite poorly known with very complicated life cycles

9. Brown Algae

10. Kelp forests 'Plant-like' growth forms Middle depth and often have organs that allow them to float.

11. Diatoms

12. Abundant and diverse in both marine and freshwater environments Must go through sexual reproduction to restore size because of morphology. Diatomaceous earth – an effective way to get rid of a flea infestation.

13. Dinoflagellates

14. Unique morphology with two flagellae located in grooves. Form important symbioses with reefs, sponges, and squids – zooxanthellae. Diatomaceous earth – an effective way to get rid of a flea infestation.

16. Chara - “muskgrass” A likely ancestor of all land plants

17. Algae as biofuels. Many of the major players in the energy industry are moving away from this idea though. Craig Venter has a team working on it.

18. Evolution of plant diversity Figure 7.6 Invasion of land “Bryophytes”? Liverworts, Hornworts, and Mosses

20. Liverworts

21. Liverworts - Marchantia Thallus – flattened body

22. Hornworts

24. Evolution of plant diversity Figure 7.8 Tracheophytes Lycophytes Monilophytes – Psilotum, Ophioglossus, Equisetum

25. Algaophyton

26. Lycophytes – Lepidodendron

27. Lycophytes - Selaginella

28. Lycophytes - Lycopodium

29. Equisetum