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Published byBernice Robinson Modified over 9 years ago
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Business Technology Applications Computer Basics Vocab
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Central Processing Unit The main chip that processes information, performs calculations, and manages the flow of information through a computer system. Also known as the brain of the computer
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Hardware The physical components that make up a computer. Examples: monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, speakers
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Input Devices Transports data into the computer. Examples: keyboard, mouse, scanner
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Output Devices Displays information sent from the computer. Examples: printers, monitor, and speakers
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Modem Allows computers to talk to each other.
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Software A detailed set of computer instructions that tells the computer what to do.
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2 Types of Software 1. Operating Software – software that manages the computer’s files and programs and acts as a graphic interface that translates mouse and keyboard actions into programming code. Examples: Windows, Mac OS X
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2 Types of Software 2. Application Software – provides the tools needed to complete a task (file management, web surfing, word processing, etc.)
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Word Processing Software that is used to create and print documents such as letters, memos, and reports.
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Spreadsheet Software used for analysis and reporting of statistical or numerical data.
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Database Software that allows the user to collect, store, organize, modify, and extract data.
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Memory Computer memory is composed of circuits that are contained in tiny computer chips. The number of memory locations is stated in terms of BYTES. A byte is a unit of storage capable of holding a single character.
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Memory A byte is equal to 8 bits. A kilobyte is equal to 1,025 bytes. A megabyte is equal to 1,048,576 bytes. A gigabyte is equal to 1,073,741,824 bytes. Twenty megabytes of memory can hold data equivalent to what could be saved on one box of floppy disks.
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Random Access Memory (RAM) Electronic memory that temporarily stores data inside a computer.
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Read-Only Memory (ROM) Computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. ROM can only be read, it cannot be changed or deleted.
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Port Places on the outside of the computer where you plug in hardware Example: USB
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Graphics Pictorial information displayed, plotted, or printed by a computer.
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Resolution Clarity and sharpness of an on-screen image.
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Pixels A series of dots that can be seen when looking closely at the computer screen. The more pixels the higher the resolution.
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Storage Devices Allow instructions and data to be saved. Hard drive – internal storage device. Floppy Disks CD ROM Flash drive
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CD-ROM (compact disk-read only memory) They store large amounts of information, graphics, video, and audio.
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Hackers Irresponsible individuals who discover ways to break codes and hack into classified files *See malware presentation to familiarize yourself with types computer infections.
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