1. Reconstructing Pots- Reconstructing Lives: Analysis and Reconstruction of Ancient Ceramics from Ecuador

2. Our Pottery

3. Purpose  To analyze ceramics from the Guangala civilization to determine the likelihood that chicha production, storage, and use were an integral part of daily life.  To obtain a representation of vessel types and sizes used for chicha in prehistoric Ecuadorian households. Chicha was a light alcoholic beverage similar to beer that is currently consumed at festivals and in home use.

4. Significance  Premise of archaeology  Human behavior is patterned  Patterns reflect cultural traditions  Goal of observations  Identify patterns in material remains to determine past behaviors and activities  Relate past practices to present day

5. Vocabulary  Artifact – an object produced or shaped by human craft  Sherd – fragment of a pottery vessel

6. Association  Bowl – low height, comparably wide diameter  Our society—serving food  Ecuadorian society—serving beverages  Jar – high height, comparably narrow diameter  Our society—storage  Ecuadorian society—storage

7. History   Time Period   Early Guangala (100 B.C. - A.D. 50)   Middle Guangala (A.D. 50 - 650)   Late Guangala (A.D. 650 – 800)

8. Geography

9. How Chicha is Made  Materials  Plants such as yucca, corn, or berries  Saliva  Vessels  Cooking  Mash vegetable product  Chew the mixture  Cook in pot  Ferment

10. Functional Analysis Three main sources of data were used to determine vessel function:  Observations on ceramics Metric analysis Technological analysis Use wear  Comparative analysis Ethnological literature 3. Context in which ceramics are found

11. Observations on Ceramics Medial Angle Aperture Rim Base Body

12. Characteristics

13. Metric Analysis  Metric analysis – studied the measurements of our pots  Used wall thickness, volume, and aperture  Determined capacity  Later looked at comparative analysis

14. Technology (AutoCAD)  Reconstructed models of pots from partial vessels  Used these shapes to estimate vessel measurements http://www.monografias.com/trabajos12/autocad/autocad.shtml

15. AutoCAD Progress

16. Mineralogy, Crystallography, and Petrology  Mineralogy – study of minerals  Distribution  Identification  Properties  Crystallography – study of the forms and structures of crystals  Petrology – branch of geology involving:  Origin  Composition  Structure

17. Microscopy: The Process

18. Porosity Tests  Obtained samples  Weight and water absorption  Heated sherds  Placed each in water  Found additional weight measurements

19. Comparative Analysis  Types of vessels  Mashing dish: wide, shallow, scratches  Cooking pot: porous, coarse, thin-walled, small rim, wide body, burn marks  Storage pot: tall, wide rim  Serving bowl: decorated, small, open top

20. The Archaeologist’s Laboratory

21. Height to Diameter Ratio Dish: 1/5-1/3 Bowl: 1/3-1 Jar: >1 DeBoer

23. Conclusions  Use of chicha probable  Evidence from 11 of 13 pieces  Use-Wear Analysis  Ratio (Height: Diameter)  Capacity  Composition  Residue analysis will be required to confirm our research.

24. The End