2.  The creamy middle of a Twinkie is not cream at all but mostly Crisco, which is hydrogenated vegetable oil

3.  Red dye #40 is derived chemically from coal tar

4.  All “natural” red dye is derived from cochineal, an insect native to Mexico and South America.  Females eat red cactus berries, concentrating the color in their bodies  From their bodies, a red substance, called carminic acid is extracted

5.  Cochineal extract is made from the dried and pulverized bodies of the insects.  Carmine is a more purified form made by boiling the dead insects in ammonia, filtering, then adding alum. The alum reacts with the carminic acid solution to form a bright red compound.  Lime can also be added to get a shade of purple 70,000 corpses = One pound of carminic acid

6.  Using an iPad, cell phone, or other mobile device, find interesting fact(s) about food with a partner  When you determine which food item you would like to research, write it on the board to prevent multiples  Write a paragraph explaining your interesting fact(s)  If available, have a picture ready on your iPad to show your classmates!

7.  Read Unit 1 Careers in Food Science: Flavor Chemist (pages 5-15)  What milestone do you believe was most influential/beneficial to our country?  BE READY TO DISCUSS!