1. Bell Ringer #7 – 10/21/09 1. Many slaves insulated their homes the “African way” using “tabby” – what is this? 2. What were fictive kin relationships? 3. Explain American slave religions of the 1700s.

2. Why did slavery become the labor system in colonies that sought freedom?? http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.ph p?video_id=114069 http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.ph p?video_id=114069

3. Great Awakening G.A. – 18 th Century religious revival movement G.A. – 18 th Century religious revival movement George Wakefield – Co-founder of the Methodist church, and Englishman who preached to both black and whites. George Wakefield – Co-founder of the Methodist church, and Englishman who preached to both black and whites. Many slaves converted to Christianity Many slaves converted to Christianity West African singing, movement, and emotion was emphasized West African singing, movement, and emotion was emphasized

5. Bi-racial Churches Emphasized spiritual equality and welcomed black people Emphasized spiritual equality and welcomed black people Addressed each other as brother and sister Addressed each other as brother and sister Black men became ordained and – sometimes while still enslaved – preached to white congregations Black men became ordained and – sometimes while still enslaved – preached to white congregations Blacks and whites were seated separately Blacks and whites were seated separately

6. Some planters provided buildings for Sunday services and hired preachers, frequently white men, to lead the worship. Slaves often reported that only when they returned to their quarters could they expect to hear some "real" preaching; that is, rhythmic chanted sermons backed up by inspiring gospel hymns.

7. Separate Churches Masters often tried to use religion to instill slaves as “self-serving” Christians Masters often tried to use religion to instill slaves as “self-serving” Christians Af-Ams wanted their own churches, when possible Af-Ams wanted their own churches, when possible Dancing, shouting, clapping, and singing became characteristic Dancing, shouting, clapping, and singing became characteristic The emerging black church helped slaves persevere and bond The emerging black church helped slaves persevere and bond