1. CS-303 Introduction to Programming
Lecture 1

2. Today’s Lecture Algorithm & Program Computer Languages
Software Categories
System Software
Application Software
Introduction to ‘C’ Language
Development Environment of ‘C’

3. Algorithm
An algorithm (pronounced AL-go-rith-um) is a procedure or formula for solving a problem. The word derives from the name of the mathematician, Mohammed ibne -Musa al-Khwarizmi.
A set of steps that are followed in order to solve a mathematical problem or to complete a computer process

4. Program
A series of instructions given to a computer to direct it to carry out certain operations. The term “code” is often used to denote large-scale operations.

5. Computer Languages High Level Languages Low Level Languages
C, Pascal, Fortran, COBOL, BASIC & many more
Low Level Languages
Machine Lang.
Assembly Lang.

6. High Level Languages
A programming language such as C, FORTRAN, or Pascal that enables a programmer to write programs that are more or less independent of a particular type of computer. Such languages are considered high-level because they are closer to human languages and away from machine languages

7. Low Level Languages
In computer science, a low level programming language is a programming language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture—commands or functions in the language map closely to processor instructions. Generally this refers to either machine code or Assembly language.

8. Computer Languages Paradigm

9. Software
Organized information in the form of operating systems, utilities, programs, and applications that enable computers to work.
There are two main categories of software
System software
Application Software

10. System Software
System software (systems software) is computer software designed to operate and control the computer hardware and to provide a platform for running application software. System software can be separated into two different categories, operating systems and utility software.

11. Application Software
Application software (an application) is a set of computer programs designed to permit the user to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities. Application software cannot run on itself but is dependent on system software to execute.

12. ANSI C

13. Tools of the trade
Editor
Interpreter and Compilers
Debuggers

14. Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
It contains
Editor
Compilers
Debugger
Linkers
Loaders

15. Loader puts program in memory.
Preprocessor program
processes the code.
Loader puts program in memory.
CPU takes each
instruction and executes it, possibly storing new data values as the program executes.
Compiler creates object code and stores it on disk.
Linker links the object
code with the libraries
Loader
Primary Memory
Compiler
Editor
Preprocessor
Linker .
Disk
CPU
Program is created in the editor and stored on disk.