1. Chapter 4 Tissues

3. Four Tissue Types Epithelia Connective Muscle Nervous

4. Epithelia Cell Shapes 1.Squamous 2.Cuboidal 3.Columnar Arrangement 1.Simple 2.Stratified 3.Pseudostratified

5. Characteristics of Epithelia Apical surface Basal surface Basement membrane Avascular Highly mitotic Minimal neural connections

6. Simple Squamous Primary locations: air sacs of lungs, blood vessels, lymph vessels, etc.

7. Simple Cuboidal Primary locations: kidney tubules, glands, and ducts.

8. Simple Columnar Epithelium Locations: digestive tract, gallbladder, some ducts and glands.

9. Simple Columnar Epithelium with cilia Locations: small bronchi and uterine tubules

10. Stratified Squamous Epithelium Locations: skin, mouth, esophagus, and vagina.

11. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

12. Stratified Columnar Epithelium

13. Transitional Epithelium Locations: lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of urethra.

14. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Locations: trachea and most of upper respiratory tract.

15. Endocrine Glands

16. Exocrine Glands Merocrine – chemical release – salivary glands. Apocrine – Pinch off portions of cells – Mammary glands Holocrine – slough off the whole cell – sebaceous glands.

17. Connective Tissues Contain a matrix Some contain fibers Have a variety of functional cells Most are vascular Most have neural connections

18. Areolar Connective Location: under epithelia, mucous membranes and surrounds capillaries

19. Adipose Connective Location: everywhere

20. Dense Regular Connective Location: tendons and ligaments

21. Reticular Connective Location: lymph organs like spleen, nodes, and bone marrow.

22. Dense Irregular Connective Makes up capsules for organs and joints and also in dermis

23. Elastic (Dense) Connective Walls of large arteries, in ligaments around spine and in walls of bronchii

24. Hyaline Cartilage Forms most of embryonic skeleton, ends of long bones, costal cartilages, nose, trachea, and larynx.

25. Fibrocartilage Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis and discs of knee joint.

26. Elastic Cartilage External ear and epiglottis

27. Bone

28. Blood Erythrocytes, Leukocytes & Thrombocytes)

29. Membranes Mucous Serous Synovial

30. Muscles Tissue Types Skeletal (striated) Cardiac Smooth

31. Striated Muscle

32. Cardiac Muscle

33. Nervous Tissue

34. Smooth Muscle Found mostly in the walls of hollow organs

35. Terms to Know Adenoma Autoimmune disease Lupus Marfan’s syndrome Atrophy Hypertrophy Tissue rejection Xenotransplantation Adhesions Keloid