1. PVSEC, speech 21st of September 2009

2. The Carbon Neutral Workspace | Authors Main author: Katrine Flarup Jensen M. Sc. In Engineering Faktor 3 ApS Barbara Bentzen Industrial Designer Faktor 3 ApS Peter Poulsen M. Sc. Materials Science Risoe DTU Fotonik and Carsten Dam-Hansen Senior Scientist Risoe DTU Fotonik

3. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Background Several studies have shown that the standby power consumption in accounts for about 10% of house-hold electrical energy consumption in the western countries. For US – This amounts to about 20 typical power stations Can PV do something?

4. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Case: The electrical table Standby = 2 W pr. year: 18 kWh 5€ pr. year in DK Operation = 500W pr. year: 0.5 kWh 0.13 € pr yr in DK Basis 1 hour use Always ON

5. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| The idea and partners

6. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Partners Design Engineering Research Industry Faktor 3 DJOB LINAK Gaia Solar DJOB Faktor 3 DTU Photonics

7. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Electrical configuration Standby use: 2W – far too much for PV

8. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | Electrical system AC/DC converter Wall plug Actuators User interface Efficient for high power 2W consumption 350µW MPU

9. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | Electrical system AC/DC converter Wall plug Actuators User interface 350µW MPU PV/small battery 0W consumption

10. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Technical survey of PV and light measurements in an office space The Danish Building Code contains regulations to ensure good indoor climate in office spaces, and prescribes that the Daylight Factor (DF) in work space level of 0.85 m above floor level, must be minimum 2%.

11. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Technical survey of PV and light measurements in an office space

12. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| LED Sun Measuring spot 30x30 cm Integrating Sphere LED Target LED targets 400 nm 450 nm … 1000 nm 1-50 W/m2 All targets IV Characterization

13. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Dimensioning of PV system DF Calculations (2%) Solar radiation i DK Worst case scenarios PV System measurements

14. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | Design process The 3 chosen solar cells chosen for this product: 1.SunPower ® cells 2.Kyosemi Sphelar® panels 3.Blotting pad with Risoe DTU flexible organic cells Theses cells went through a design process mainly driven by Montana and Faktor 3.

15. 1.SunPower ® cells integrated in plug well in table top. The cells look as though they’re floating in the glass, and matches the elegant designs of Montana furnitures. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | SunPower

16. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | Kyosemi 2.Kyosemi Sphelar ® panels integrated in dividing wall. The small spheres create privacy between the work spaces, and at the same time permits light to travel through.

17. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | Risoe DTU 3.Blotting pad with Risoe DTU flexible organic cells. The organic cells produced in Denmark are very interesting, because of their expected very low price in production, as well because of the many design possiblities they open up for.

18. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| The Product CODE 09 in Bella Fair Center and in the Montana show room in Copenhagen, under the Danish yearly furniture fair.

19. The Carbon Neutral Work Space | Is it profitable Standby = 2 W pr. year: 18 kWh 5€ pr. year in DK Normal = 500W pr. year: 0.5 kWh 0.13 € Basis 1 hour use Sun Power A-300 based 10€ for the panel and electronics Pay back time – 2 years (based on 1000 pcs.)

20. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Provisional conclusion 1. Standby consumption of an electrical adjustable table can be covered by PV cells integrated in the table. 2. Three different prototypes with focus on design, PV technology and the end-user are developed. 3. A general approach for integrating PV (in indoor appliances): a) Definition of surrounding conditions (light quality and intensity) b) Energy consumption of appliance determined c) Can the energy consumption be reduced? d) Type of PV chosen on basis of a) and b) e) Dimensioning of PV f) Modification of electrical circuit g) Integration in product DC directly into the system Bypass AC

21. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Future outlook YES – PV can actually do something to prevent stand by consumption. YES – PV can do more for you than you think. Working on RF and IR models of electrical tables to integrate PV also.

22. The work described in this paper is funded by the Danish Energy Association - project no: 340-047. Thank you to the project partners. The Carbon Neutral Workspace| Acknowledgements Thank you