1. Oncology (onc- = tumor)

2. Oncology (onco- = mass) -plasia = new development -trophy = growth –Changes in Growth sizeChanges in size of individual cell –Atrophy = decrease in cell size –Hypertrophy = increase in cell size numberChanges in actual number of cells –Hyperplasia, Dysplasia, & Anaplasia = increase in rate of reproduction –Hyperplasia = increase in number of normal cells –Dysplasia = increase in number of atypical cells –Anaplasia = increase in number of frankly abnormal cells

3. Cancer –Carcinoma (carcin = cancer) –Neoplasia (new development) –Anaplasia (without development) –Sarcoma (sarc = flesh)

4. Benign vs. Malignant Tumors Key differences: Encapsulation vs. infiltration Differentiated cells vs. undifferentiated cells

5. Spread of cancer –Metastasis (beyond stopping) Plural = metastases This is a noun –Metastasize This is a verb (action)

6. Oncology = study of tumors Tumor = neoplasm Benign –Encapsulated Malignant –Metastasize = verb »Metastasis = noun Staging tumors –Carcinoma in situ (cis) –Invasive (I,II,III, IV) Carcinoma --- from epithelial tissue Sarcoma --- from connective tissue Adeno- = gland –Adenocarcinoma Rhabd/o = rod shaped

7. Lymphoma –Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) –Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) Blastoma –Key = undifferentiated cells Breast Carcinoma –Ductile carcinoma (95%) –Infiltrating lobular carcinoma Ca Treatments –Surgery –Chemotherapy –Radiation therapy