1. V-SHARE 1. MIDDLE AGES NOTES #4

2. Middle Ages Notes #4

3. I. Invasions A.Invasions by Angles, Saxons, Magyars and Vikings disrupted the social, economic and political order of Europe starting after the fall of Charlemagne’s kingdom in the 900s.

4. I. Invasions B. The Manorial System was developed in order to protect people at the local level from attack. 1. Due to hit and run tactics it was too difficult and expensive for the king to raise an army to attack invaders and defend his entire kingdom. 2. Angles and Saxons that attacked England were from Western Europe.

5. I. Invasions B. The Manorial System was developed in order to protect people at the local level from attack. 3. Magyars that attacked central Europe were from Central Asia. 4. Vikings that attack Western Europe and England were from Scandinavia. a. Were excellent sailors and their boats with low drafts meant they could sail up any river in Europe.

6. I. Invasions

7. II. Settlement of Invaders A.Eventually these invaders would settle down, set up their own kingdoms, and convert to Catholicism. 1. Angles and Saxons migrated from continental Europe to England. 2. Magyars migrated from Central Asia to Hungary. 3. Vikings migrated from Scandinavia to Russia.

8. III. Results of Invasions A.Manors with castles provided protection from invaders, reinforcing the feudal system. B.Invasions disrupted trade, towns declined, and the feudal system was strengthened.

9. III. Results of Invasions C. Castles 1. Because of the lack of a strong central government, warfare occurred frequently in feudal society. 2. Nobles began building castles, or fortified manor houses, for defense. 3. First castles were wooden with high fences or earth mounds around them. 4. By 1100 A.D. castles were built of stone with thick walls and towers.

10. III. Results of Invasions D. Characteristics of Castles 1. Built on a hill or mound surrounded by a moat. 2. Castles had a square tower called a keep which was located in the strongest part of the castle. 3. Surrounding the keep was a bailey – a large open area where barracks, storerooms, workshops and areas of settlement.

11. III. Results of Invasions

13. IV. Early Middle Ages Map ENGLAND FRANKS SPAINITALY AFRICA SCANDINAVIA HUNGARY RUSSIA ATLANTIC OCEAN MEDITTERANEAN ENGLISH CHANNEL ICELAND

14. NEW SLIDES FOR PROJECT SLIDE 14: FEUDAL OBLIGATIONS SLIDE 15: KNIGHTS SLIDE 16: MANORS SLIDE 17: SETTLEMENT MAP OF INVADERS SLIDE 18: CASTLES SLIDE 19: DIAGRAM PICTURE OF A CASTLE