1. 7 Principles of the Constitution
Objectives: To understand the 7 principles of the constitution.

2. Grievances of the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights

3. What are grievances and why are they in the Declaration of Independence?
Grievances are complaints.
The Declaration of Independence listed all of America’s complaints against the British.

4. Why are grievances in the Constitution?
The Constitution fixes/solves many of the complaints from the Declaration of the Independence.

5. Which grievances are solved in the Constitution?
Declaration of Independence
Bill of Rights Solution
He has kept among us, in times of peace,
Standing Armies without the Consent of
our legislatures.
3rd Amendment
For depriving us in many cases, of the
benefit of Trial by Jury.
5th Amendment

6. 7 Principles of the Constitution
How Does the Constitution Work?

7. What are Principles?
A principle is a kind of rule, belief, or idea that guides you.
A person who has principles is a good, decent person.

8. How do Principles work in the Constitution?
Principles guide the Constitution, just how principles guide people.
Principles are the values and beliefs of the country and help us make decisions.

9. What are the Seven Principles of the Constitution?
Popular Sovereignty
Republicanism
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Limited Government
Individual Rights
Federalism

10. Popular Sovereignty
Definition – The belief that people can and should govern themselves; the people rule.
Example – People can run for office, campaign for individuals who run, or protest decisions made by others. Rule is not passed down based on blood line.
Popular Sovereignty is found in the Preamble of the Constitution.
“We the People” means the people are in charge.

11. Republicanism
Definition – People vote for people to represent their views in government. (Representative Government)
You can’t have the whole population vote on everything, so you vote on people who share similar beliefs and allow them to vote.
Direct election of Senators and Representatives.
Republicanism means people vote for people to represent their views in Congress.
In our country, we have voted for 435 Representatives and 100 Senators. They make our nation’s laws.

12. Federalism
Definition – Power is shared by the state and federal government.
In our system, the national government does have ultimate authority, but states have a lot to say in what goes on as well.
Powers for the national government = delegated powers,
Powers for the state government = reserved powers,
Powers shared between the national and the state are concurrent powers.

13. Separation of Powers
Definition – The Federal government is divided into 3 branches - Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.
This system prevents any one branch from gaining too much power and turning the country towards tyranny.

14. Checks and Balances
Definition – Each of the 3 branches of government has a check on the other 2 branches. This balances power between the 3, ensuring that none of the branches seizes control.
Example – Federal judges are nominated by the President, but have to be approved by Congress.
Bills must be passed by both houses of the legislative branch, signed by the president, and can even be challenged in the courts.

15. Limited Government
Definition – Everybody has to follow the same laws, even members of the government.
If a Representative committed a crime, he/she would face a trial just like everybody else.

16. Individual Rights
Definition – Personal liberties (Unalienable Rights) and privileges that people are born with and can not be taken away.
The Bill of Rights, the first Ten Amendments, was created to specifically ensure the rights of the people.

17. Summary Summarize the main points of the lecture.
Read the legislative branch section in your textbook.