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Published byBranden Carter Modified over 9 years ago
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Cardiovascular = Circulatory System Blood
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Blood General functions Amount of blood – 5-6 liters in males, 4-5 liters in females – 8% of body weight
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FORMED ELEMENTS Cells 45% blood
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Erythrocytes = RBCs 4-5 million/mm3 Hemoglobin – Iron – Function – Color
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RBCs Hemopoiesis Erythropoiesis (2 million/second) Life span about 120 days Destroyed and recycled by liver & spleen Erythropoeitin
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RBCs Stay in blood vessels ABO system Antigen Antibody A,B,AB,O blood types
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RBCs Rh factor Erythroblastosis fetalis
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Leukocytes = WBCs 5000-9000/mm3 Granulocytes – Neutrophils (pale granules, segmented nucleus, most numerous, phagocytosis) – Eosinophils (red granules, segmented nucleus, phagocytosis, attacks parasites) – Basophils (purple granules, semented nucleus, releases histamine & heparin
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Agranulocytes – Lymphocytes (T & B, immunity, round nucleus) – Monocytes (bean-shaped nucleus, foamy cytoplasm, exit bloodstream & enlarge and become MACROPHAGES)
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Life span Formation
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Function of WBCs Phagocytosis – Lytic enzymes – Macrophages Antibodies – Plasma Cells – Vaccination T cells
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Thrombocytes = Platelets 100,000-300,000/mm3 Stays in blood vessels Life span Production in bone marrow
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Hemostasis Vascular constriction Platelet plug formation – ADP
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Hemostasis - Coagulation Conversion to an insoluble fibrin clot Clotting factors Fibrinogen is converted to Fibrin By Thrombin – precursor is prothrombin Liver makes clotting factors Vitamin K
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Coagulation Extrinsic mechanism – 15-20 seconds – Initiates with damaged tissue releasing thromboplastin Intrinsic mechanism – 1-2 minutes – Hemophilia
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Clot Retraction 30-60 minutes later Serum
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Clot Control Heparin from mast cells Basophils Endothelium is smooth
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Fibrinolysis Clot dissolution Plasmin
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Intravascular Clotting Thrombus Embolus (Embolism)
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Plasma 55% of blood Water – Over 90% Proteins – Albumin – Globulin – Fibrinogin
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Interstitial Fluid Similar to plasma Bathes tissues
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