1. Compromises of the Constitutional Convention Essential Skill: 1)State the implications and consequences of various choices for how to structure the government 2)Examine information from more than one perspective

2. Great Compromise / Connecticut Compromise  Conflict between small & large states over voting in Congress  NJ Plan: all states have equal vote (similar to AOC)  VA Plan: larger states have more votes  THE SOLUTION:  Bicameral Congress (two houses)  One house has # representatives based on population of state (House of Representatives)  One house has equal representation for every state (Senate = 2 senators per state)

3. Three-Fifths Compromise  Conflict b/w S. slave states and N. states – Should slaves count for # representatives in Congress? Should slaves count for $ taxes paid?  WHAT HAPPENED?  The word “slave” was never used in the Constitution.  They counted slaves as “three fifths of all other persons” for amount of taxes paid and number of representatives in the House.

4. Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise  Conflict b/w S. slave states and N. states over regulating commerce and slavery  WHAT HAPPENED?  3-part compromise:  S. states agreed to give Congress Power to Regulate Commerce (Trade)  N. states agreed not to ban “importation of such persons” until 1808  N. states agreed to NO Taxes on Exports

5. Other Compromises EXECUTIVE Compromise: The problem: Should there be one Chief Executive or a Committee of Chief Exec’s? They chose ONE (the President) ELECTORAL COLLEGE Compromise: The problem: Should Congress or the citizens elect the President? Electoral College elects the President. Electors are chosen by state legislatures. (This gave states more power over the election of the President.)

6. The Fight for Ratification The Constitution had to be ratified by 9 of 13 states in order to take effect Federalists: Supported the Constitution, saying we needed a stronger national government. Anti-Federalists: Opposed the Constitution, saying a stronger national government would destroy liberties of the citizens. They said it needed a Bill of Rights to protect citizens from abuses by their government. Who Won? Constitution was ratified by all 13 states by 1790. (Federalists won this part.) Congress immediately adopted a Bill of Rights (first 10 Amendments) (Anti-Federalists won this argument.)