1. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 1 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Digital Fundamentals CHAPTER 10 Memory and Storage

2. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 2 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Basics of Semiconductor Memory

3. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 3 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Basics of Semiconductor Memory Units of binary dataUnits of binary data –Bit –Nibble (4 bits) –Byte (8 bits)

4. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 4 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Basics of Semiconductor Memory A single binary bit is stored in a memory cellA single binary bit is stored in a memory cell An organized group of cells is called a arrayAn organized group of cells is called a array

5. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 5 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Basics of Semiconductor Memory Memory cells are organized by columns and rowsMemory cells are organized by columns and rows A single unit of data occupies one row and a number of columns of cellsA single unit of data occupies one row and a number of columns of cells –8 columns for a byte of data –16 columns for a word of data –32 columns for 32-bit data

6. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 6 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Basics of Semiconductor Memory The location of a unit of data is called the addressThe location of a unit of data is called the address The number of units that can be stored in a memory is the memory’s capacityThe number of units that can be stored in a memory is the memory’s capacity

7. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 7 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Basics of Semiconductor Memory Write to memory Read from memory

8. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 8 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Random-Access Memories (RAMs)

9. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 9 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Random-Access Memories (RAMs)

10. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 10 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Read-Only Memories (ROM)

11. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 11 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Read-Only Memories (ROM)

12. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 12 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Programmable ROMs (PROMs and EPROMs)

13. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 13 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Programmable ROMs Programmable read-only memory (PROM)Programmable read-only memory (PROM) Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM)Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM)

14. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 14 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Flash Memories

15. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 15 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Flash Memories High storage capacityHigh storage capacity NonvolatileNonvolatile In-system read and writeIn-system read and write Low power consumptionLow power consumption Relatively fast operationRelatively fast operation Cost effectiveCost effective

16. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 16 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Memory Expansion

17. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 17 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Memory Expansion Word-length expansionWord-length expansion Word-capacity expansionWord-capacity expansion

18. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 18 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Special Types of Memories Special Types of Memories

19. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 19 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Special Types of Memories Special Types of Memories First in-first out (FIFO)First in-first out (FIFO) Last in-first out (LIFO)Last in-first out (LIFO)

20. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 20 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Magnetic and Optical Storage

21. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 21 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Magnetic Storage Hard diskHard disk Floppy diskFloppy disk Zip™ driveZip™ drive TapeTape

22. Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. Slide 22 Floyd Digital Fundamentals, 9/e Optical Storage CD-ROMCD-ROM Write Once/Read Many (WORM)Write Once/Read Many (WORM) CD-RCD-R CD-RWCD-RW DVD-ROMDVD-ROM