1. Quantum Mechanics Unit 4 – The Electron

2. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com2 Quantum Mechanics Werner Heisenberg – Father of Quantum Mechanics – Leader of German nuclear fission research – 1925

3. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com3 Quantum Mechanics Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle – – “The more precisely the position is determined, the less precisely the momentum (velocity) is known.” – It’s impossible to know exactly where the e - is and how fast it is moving at the same time

4. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com4 Quantum Mechanics Erwin Schrodinger returns! – Schrodinger Equation – Finds the probability (the odds) that an e - may be somewhere

5. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com5 Quantum Mechanics Where are the electrons?? There are 3 levels of organization…

6. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com6 Quantum Mechanics Principal Energy Level (PEL) How close are the e - to the nucleus Describes energy Numbers like: – 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

7. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com7 Quantum Mechanics Sublevel Within each PEL Type/shape of electron cloud Letters: s, p, d, f – In the 1 st P.E.L. we have: s – In the 2 nd P.E.L. we have: s and p – In the 3 rd P.E.L. we have: s, p, and d – In the 4 th P.E.L. we have: s, p, d, and f

8. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com8 Quantum Mechanics Atomic Orbitals Within each sublevel # of each type per energy level – s = 1 orbital – p = 3 orbitals – d = 5 orbitals – f = 7 orbitals Each orbital can hold 2 e -

9. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com9 Quantum Mechanics P.E.L.Sublevels# of orbitals # of e - 1(1) s12 e - 2(2) s, p4 (s, p, p, p) 8 e - 3(3) s, p, d9 (s, p, p, p, d, d, d, d, d) 18 e - 4(4) s, p, d, f16 (s, p, p, p, d, d, d, d, d, f, f, f, f, f, f, f) 32 e -

10. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com10 Quantum Mechanics Shapes of Atomic Orbitals – illustrate the probable location of e - in an atom 1s 2s 2p

11. 12/22/2015Free PowerPoint Template from www.brainybetty.com11 Quantum Mechanics Shapes: 3s (same shape as before, just bigger) 3p (same 3 shapes as before, just bigger) 3d