1. O NROAD S OURCES Angelique Luedeker, ITEP

2. 2 Onroad Emissions Emissions from vehicles Exhaust Brake and tire wear Evaporation

3. 3 Onroad Emissions (cont.) 2 main categories By vehicle type By road type

4. 4 Onroad Emissions (cont.) Vehicle types – Gasoline Light duty gasoline vehicles (LDG Vs & Ts) Passenger cars & trucks Motorcycles (MC) Heavy duty gasoline vehicles (HDGV 2b-8b) Modifier based on gross vehicle weight rating (gvwr) Trucks Busses

5. 5 Onroad Emissions (cont.) Vehicle types – Diesel Light duty diesel vehicles (LDDV - cars) Light duty diesel trucks (LDDT < 8500 lb gvwr) Heavy duty diesel trucks (HDDV 8500 to >60K lb gvwr) School & public transportation busses

6. 6 Emission Factors (cont.) Road types – rural & urban Arterials Interstates Other major highways Minor highways Collectors On & off ramps Locals

7. 7 Emission Factors (cont.) Emission Factors (EFs): MOVES EPA model – (complex black box) Factors in emission modeling Climate (Seasonal temp, humidity, elevation) Type of road (braking & accelerating estimates) Registration records (how old are the cars) Fuel type (sulfur content, vapor pressure, MTBE) Other

8. 8 Emission Factors (cont.) Emissions based on total vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per road type per year ** Emission estimates for paved and non-paved road dust also rely on VMT calculations!

9. 9 Emission Factors (cont.) VMT example State Route 1 is a 10-mile-long stretch of rural highway On average, 100 cars travel road every day Total VMT = 10 miles x 100 vehicles/day x 365 days/year = 365,000 vehicle miles/year

10. 10 Emission Factors (cont.) Emissions based on this estimate of VMT for cars on SR1 Carbon monoxide (CO) EF for cars on rural highways = 24.523 g/VMT (for this example) Emissions estimate = 24.523 g/VMT x 365,000 VMT = 8,950,895 g of CO 8,950,895 g / 907184.74(g/ton) = 9.867 tons per year CO

11. 11 Emission Factors (cont.) Emission Factors As detailed as you want Based on vehicle type and road type

12. 12 Emission Factors (cont.) Option 1 for tribes Get on-road mobile emission factors from state agencies Difficult, many just use EPA estimates Spend your time collecting good VMT Use your VMT to do math with state emission factors to get reservation on road emissions After math is done, enter into TEISS

13. 13 Emission Factors (cont.) Option 2 for tribes Vehicle population on tribal land different than off tribal land E.g.: Average vehicle age? Get training in MOVES and run it! Then use TEISS to import EFs

14. 14 Emission Factors (cont.) With introduction of MOVES model, method for calculating on-road mobile emissions has changed Contact ITEP when you’re ready to estimate on-road emissions. We’ll find assistance you need to get started