1. Semantic Web Final Exam Review

2. Topics for Final Exam First exam material (~30%) Design Patterns and Map/Reduce (~20%) Inference / Restrictions (~10%) Semantic Web Application Architecture (~20%) Advanced Topics from extra credit lectures (~20%)

3. First Exam Material Reading and Graphing RDF and N3 ▫Refresh yourself on rdf:parseType="Resource“ and rdf:parseType="Collection“ (and All Different in a “Collection” context) SPARQL ▫Be able to form triple patterns for SPARQL from a graph

4. Design Patterns Pattern Differences ▫Decorator vs Chain of responsibility ▫Proxy/Virtual Proxy vs Cache Management ▫Composite vs Interpreter vs Visitor vs Strategy vs State ▫Layered initialization vs Factory For patterns presented ▫The need for the pattern ▫The foundational idea of the pattern

5. Map Reduce Map reduce approach to deal with low mean- time between failure Key, Value handling in Map Reduce ▫Intermediate values all joined for unique key value ▫Understand inputs and outputs of map and reduce RDF optimization in Map Reduce ▫File Storage Approach

6. Inference / Restrictions RDFS (RDFS++) ▫General limitations ▫How to implement in SPARQL queries ▫How to implement: class equivalence, union, and intersection ▫Transitive, symmetric, inverse, equivalence (class/property/instance), functional, inverse functional OWL ▫File structure (esp import) ▫Existential, Universal restrictions  Used with sub-classes and equivalent classes

7. Application Architecture Conversion to knowledge form ▫Structured Sources  D2RQ – major steps involved  Semantic wiki –improvements over non-semantic ▫Unstructured Sources Scalable Knowledge Store ▫Required approach to scalability Metrics ▫Jaccard, Vector Space manipulation, F-Measure, knowledge density

8. Advanced Topics SPARL Query optimization ▫Selectivity  Actual vs estimated (estimated base equations will be provided on exam) SWRL ▫Head, body, antecedent, consequent, empty & non-empty, ▫Value of SWRL for structure transformation OWL 2 ▫Qualified Cardinality Restriction

9. Advanced Topics - continued RDFa ▫How much general RDF can be represented (classes, properties, domain/range?) Semantic Web Services ▫What they enable more than with non-semantic Web Services Wordnet and Extended Wordnet ▫Synsets, Glosses ▫Extended wordnet additional features (Topical relations, etc)

10. Advanced Topics - continued Ontology Alignment/Matching ▫The primary goal when done for ontology evolution vs P2P information sharing Linked Data, RDF dump, SPARQL endpoints ▫What are these and what is the intended/expected communication transport for SPARQL endpoints Semantic Web Ecosystem ▫Network effect model of value

11. Advanced Topics - continued Test Data Sets ▫Nature (general characteristics) of the data in LUBM, SP2B, and Barton sets Photostuff ▫Requirements on users of the tool – what must they do, what can they bring to the tool? Knowledge Interchange ▫What formalism/language is the foundation of KIF and CL interchange?

12. Advanced Topics - continued RuleML (Rule Interchange) ▫The de facto standards for interchange versus those in development. Foundation Ontologies ▫General issues in creating foundation ontologies RDF Stores ▫How they speed up query of persisted data CYC ▫The major components of CYC and what they are used for

13. Not covering Jena programming specifics