1. Chapter 12 Part 1 Pages 412-418

2. Terms to know Nativism Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti Quota System John L. Lewis Isolationism Communism

3. Post War Trends Americans were tired of war Disenchanted with the Treaty of Versailles Wanted Isolationism Senate did not ratify Treaty of Versailles The war ended for America by a joint resolution of congress

4. The Economy Had to convert to peace time production Returning soldiers booted women and Blacks out of factories Led to race riots and more racism in the North

5. Price controls of WWI ended Prices went way up very quickly Labor who had taken no-strike pledges during the war went on strike 1919 over 3,000 strikes Largest in the steel industry when 300,000 walked off of the job

6. Government was still influenced by Big Business Big Business, Government, Newspapers called the strikers Communists Anarchists Public opinion against the strikers Big fear of communism

7. The Red Scare Communism: a political and economic system in which a government is run by a dictator. No Private Property Russia dropped out of WWI to fight its own revolution Ended up with a communist country

8. Marx and Engels The Communist Manifesto Big influence on the Russian Revolution Anarchists: folks who were out to destroy existing governments and start again from scratch

9. A. Mitchell Palmer As the U.S. attorney general Wanted to be president Tried to make himself out as the champion against communism in America Hired J.Edgar Hoover as his assistant Hoover was later the head of the FBI

10. The Palmer Raids 1920-21 Palmer and Hoover went after communists, Socialists, Labor leaders, etc. Deported a number of people illegally to Russia Blacklisted others Civil rights were trampled

11. Sacco and Vanzetti Italian immigrants were were accosed of robbery and murder of a paymaster in Braintree, Mass. Convicted on circumstantial evidence Judge Thayer called them, “Anarchist bastards” during the trial! Were quickly convicted an executed

12. Immigration Patterns had changed 1880’s-1890’s Hundreds of thousands from Eastern and Southern Europe Wanted to escape poverty, oppression Did not assimilate well Catholic, lived in Little Italys, etc.

13. Fear of Foreign Influence The rise of the second KKK Went after Blacks but also immigrants Tried to seem patriotic Claimed they were safeguarding American culture from foreign influence 5 million members in the early 1920’s Even President Harding! 1927 a KKK scandal and disgrace

14. Immigration Restriction Big Business feared communism more than they needed more cheap labor Put pressure on government to restrict immigration 1921 Emergency Quota Act: Allowed only 3% of a nationality in that were already here in 1910

15. But still too many The Immigration Act of 1924: (AKA The National Origins Act) Allowed only 2% in according to the number already here in 1890 No more Asians, Africans, Eastern Europeans. Due to quota System

16. Immigration Act of 1924 Did not apply to folks in the Western Hemisphere But still pretty racist Evidence of Nativism

17. Back to labor Police strike in Boston The Governor…Calvin Coolidge fired them all Said, “There is no right ot strike against the public safety anywhere, anytime, by anyone.”

18. John L. Lewis Represented striking mine workers Ignored a court order ordering them back to work The Mine workers did gain some s\concessions