1. Chapter 5 Earthquakes Review Game

2. Rules Coin toss for 1 st question Team will answer the question, random selection Correct answer gets the team a point Wrong answer gives the other team a chance to steal- random choice Team with highest score gets 5 bonus points for the test

3. What is the name of the force that pushes the crust in opposite directions? (not the name of the fault) Shearing force

4. What are the 2 types of walls in a normal & reverse fault? Hanging wall & a footwall

5. When the footwall moves down under the force of gravity, what kind of fault is it called? Normal fault

6. What does a seismograph measure? The strength and type of seismic wave

7. To monitor upward movement along a fault, what kind of mechanical monitoring device would be used? Tiltmeter

8. When the hanging wall moves up over the footwall, what kind of fault is it? Reverse fault

9. What type of stress causes a reverse fault? Compression

10. Where is the focus of an earthquake located? Below the surface at the spot where the crust slipped.

11. What type of earthquake wave always arrives first? Primary wave

12. A P wave is what kind of wave? A longitudinal wave/ back and forth

13. An S wave is what kind of wave? A transverse wave/ up and down

14. What is it called when moist ground turns to mud from seismic waves? Liquefaction

15. Where is an earthquake’s epicenter? On the surface directly above where the fault slipped.

16. What is the scale most geologists use when rating the strength of an earthquake? Moment magnitude scale

17. Explain what a tsunami is, and how they form. A very large wave caused by an underwater earthquake

18. Explain how a creep meter works. A wire is stretched across a fault, and a weight is attached to it. The distance the weight moves, is the distance the fault moves

19. Explain how folded mountains are formed, and what kind of stress the crust is under. Compression stress causes the crust to crumple up like a carpet when you slide something heavy across it

20. Name a famous strike slip fault. San Andreas

21. What type of fault occurs involving tension forces? Normal fault

22. What type of fault occurs under shearing stress? Strike slip/ transform

23. What is an anticline? A peak in a folded landform

24. What are the 3 main types of stress in rocks? Compression, tension, and shearing

25. How many earthquake monitoring stations are needed to locate an earthquake’s epicenter? 3

26. What are 3 ways to make your house safer for an earthquake? Bolt the house to the foundation, secure objects, water heaters and shelves, reinforce wall frames.

27. What is a base isolated building? A building that rests on shock absorbers

28. What is the best way to protect yourself in an earthquake? Drop, cover, and hold

29. What is an aftershock? Smaller earthquake tremors following the main earthquake

30. What is a syncline? A valley of folding in a landform

31. What does the Mercalli scale use to measure the power of an earthquake? Damage to people, buildings, and the land surface

32. What are some things that can be done to make an older building safer in an earthquake area? Bolt the house to the foundation, secure objects, water heaters and shelves, reinforce wall frames.

33. Explain the differences between an S wave and a P wave. P wave is a longitudinal wave (back and forth), an S wave is a transverse wave (up and down)

34. How do satellites monitor faults? Bounce radio waves off the ground, then time it takes to bounce back gives very precise measurements

35. Buildings made of what material are the worst kind of building to be in, in an earthquake? Brick and mortar, they are not flexible enough to withstand shaking

36. Why is a tsunami not felt in deep ocean water? Most of the wave travels beneath the surface. When it gets close to the shore, it pushes the wave up.

37. How should buildings be made to reduce earthquake damage? Stronger and more flexible