1. Motivating Yourself and Others

2. The Complex Nature of Motivation It is the influences that account for the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior

3. Motivation Is Two-Dimensional Internal motivation comes when work is meaningful or gives sense of purpose External motivation is an action taken by another person

4. Motivation to Satisfy Basic Desires Everything we experience as meaningful can be traced to one of sixteen basic desires or combinations of desires The challenge is to determine which five or six (core values) are most important to you

5. Figure 7.1 Sixteen Basic Desires in the Reiss Profile

6. Characteristics of Motives The “why” of human behavior Five characteristics of motives: individualistic changing may be unconscious are often inferred are hierarchical

7. Influential Motivation Theories Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Herzberg’s Motivation-Maintenance Theory The Expectancy Theory McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y The Goal-Setting Theory

8. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs People tend to satisfy their needs in a particular order, “The Hierarchy of Needs” Theory has three main assumptions People have a number of needs that require some measure of satisfaction Only unsatisfied needs motivate behavior Needs are ordered according to prepotency

9. Figure 7.2 - Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

10. Physiological Needs

11. Safety and Security Needs

12. Social or Belongingness Needs

13. Esteem Needs

14. Self-Actualization Needs

15. Maslow’s Theory Reconsidered

16. Table 7.1

17. Herzberg’s Motivation-Maintenance Theory Maintenance factors include things people consider essential to any job Motivational factors are benefits above and beyond the basic elements of a job

18. Table 7.2

19. The Expectancy Theory Based on assumption that motivation is tied to whether one believes success is possible

20. McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y Managers who are in charge of motivating their employees are divided into two groups, Theory X and Theory Y

21. The Goal-Setting Theory Goals tend to motivate in four ways provide purpose by directing attention to a specific target encourage to make the effort to achieve something specific requires sustained effort and therefore encourages persistence connects the dream and reality

22. Figure 7.3 - A Model of How Goals Can Improve Performance

23. Contemporary Employee Motivation Strategies Motivation strategies: Through job design Through incentives Through learning Through empowerment Through others’ expectations

24. Motivation Through Job Design

25. Motivation Through Incentives

26. Motivation Through Learning Opportunities

27. Motivation Through Empowerment

28. Motivation Through Others’ Expectations

29. Motivating the Generations Future majority of workforce will be Generation X and Y

30. Figure 7.4 - Motivational factors for generations

31. Self-Motivation Strategies Nurture a gritty nature Go outside your comfort zone Strive for balance Take action