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Published byKathlyn Carter Modified over 9 years ago
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Corrections: Wassup with that?
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What is Corrections? Agencies and programs that carry out the sentence of the court Institutional Corrections = prisons/jails Community Corrections Front End Sanctions Back End Programs
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Community Corrections Front End Sanctions = Alternative to Prison/Jail Senteces Probation Intermediate Sanctions Boot Camps, Electronic Monitoring, Intensive Supervision Back End Programs = Reintegrate Parole Supervision Halfway Houses
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A Brief History of Corrections Until the late 1960s: Rehabilitation was the Guiding Mission of Corrections (at least on paper) Community Corrections was centerpiece Indeterminate Sentences, Probation, Parole Rehabilitation attacked and largely killed in the early 1970s Why? Results?
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Cromwell et al. “Paradoxically, correctional policy shifts according to public perceptions, which are primarily influence by the media, no by the realities of corrections”
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Social Context and Ideology in late 1960s and early 1970s Conservatives: Value stability, hate “disorder” Mistrust rehabilitation as “coddling criminals” Particularly riled up in the 1960s Liberals: Value equality/fairness Enraged by the “government” in the 1960s Rehabilitation as another government failure
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Liberals and Conservatives agree Abolish parole, institute determinate sentences, implement sentencing guidelines Only issue: length of sentences 1980s ushered in a conservative era in U.S. politics Legislative results? Sentencing guidelines with harsh sentences 3 strikes, mandatory minimum sentences The “War on Drugs”
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Whither Community Corrections What is the role of Community Corrections in a “get tough era?” Joan Petersilia C.C. suffers from an “image problem” and is therefore under-funded Particularly troublesome, given: ¾ of corrections population is in community Over ½ of these folks are felons
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What Works?… In a traditional sense Does a C.C. program reduce recidivism? Does a C.C. program divert people from prison (and therefore save $)? Is a C.C. program “punishment?”
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Joan Petersilia Should recidivism be used as a criteria? If so, should we focus on post-program behavior? If so, is all recidivism “bad?” C.C. programs should “count” other stuff: Contacts with offenders % placed in treatment
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The Future of Community Corrections The Limits of “Control in the Community” Zero tolerance programs, high-surveillance Boot Camps, ISPs, Electronic Monitoring New Directions Community based supervision Restorative Justice Judicial Involvement/Drug Courts
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