1. Chapter 5.2

2.   Most often there are 4 pieces of information for each element listed on the periodic table. Element Information in the Periodic Table

3.   Atomic mass depends on:  __________________ of an element’s isotopes  Masses of those isotopes.  Isotopes = same element, different masses  Masses different because:  Same # _______________  Different # ________________ Atomic Mass

4.   Atomic Mass Units  Scientists chose one isotope to serve as a standard.  This isotope is the most ___________ one found in nature  Carbon-12 atom: 6 protons and 6 neutrons.  1 Atomic Mass Unit (_________) = one ________ the mass of a carbon-12 atom. Atomic Mass

5.   Most elements are __________ of 2 or more isotopes.  Atomic mass is weighted _______________.  Example: Chlorine atomic mass = 35.453 amu.  Two natural isotopes of chlorine: chlorine-35; chlorine-37  Chlorine-35: 17 protons and 18 neutrons.  Chlorine-37: 17 protons and 20 neutrons.

6.   Elements in modern periodic table arranged by increasing __________________ (not mass)  (Atomic number = # of protons).  Periodic Law - Pattern of Repeating Properties  Periods - Each __________ is a period.  Each period is for a different electron ______ or ____________ level The Periodic Law

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8.   Modern periodic table – ____________ out (7 rows)  Shows periods with Lanthanide & Actinide series where they really belong The Periodic Law

9.   Elements are also arranged into vertical columns called _____________ (or Families).  Sounds of musical notes separated by an octave are related, but they are not identical.  Properties of elements in a Group (column) are related, but not identical.  Groups - Each column is a Group (or Family).  Similar ________________________________ The Periodic Law

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11.  Example: Group 8A (or 18) - Noble Gasses with Full Shells Helium - Atomic #2 Neon - Atomic #10 Argon - Atomic #18

12.  The Periodic Law Periodic Table of the Elements

13.   Largest class of elements on the Periodic Table - ___________.  _________ of the elements. Metals

14.   Malleable and ductile (can change shape)  ______________ = compress without breaking  ______________ = stretch without breaking  Good Conductors (thermal & electrical)  Luster (means they are shiny!) Physical Properties of Metals

15.   Groups 3 – 12: Form a bridge between elements on the left and right side of the table  Tough, hard, and strong  Less _____________ than standard metals  Have more __________ in common than elements in other groups. Transition Metals

16.   Share characteristics of both _____________________.  Semi – conductors Metalloids

17.   ________________ (poor conductivity)  Living organisms are mostly non-metals. (especially C, N, O, H)  Most of the compounds in your body contain _________ Non-Metals

18.   Across a period from left to right, the elements become ________ metallic and ______ nonmetallic in their properties.  From left to right across Period 3, there are three metals (Na, Mg, and Al), one metalloid (Si), and four nonmetals (P, S, Cl, and Ar). Variations Across a Period

19.   _______________ reacts violently with water.  Magnesium will not react with water unless the water is hot.  Aluminum does not react with water, but it does react with oxygen.  Silicon is generally unreactive.  __________________ and sulfur do not react with water, but they do react with oxygen.  Chlorine is highly reactive.  _____________ hardly reacts at all. Variations Across a Period