1. INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT SESSION 13: GLOBAL PORTFOLIO STRATEGY 1

2. 2 CHANGING MARKET ORIENTATION PHASE #1 PHASE #2 PHASE #3 domestic countries firm sub firm sub

3. Country-focused international expansion (e.g. acquisition, local expansion) Trend to industry consolidation and growth of global competition Forces towards global market integration  Need to:  re-center direction for growth  Improve coordination across national boundaries  adopt global perspective 3 TRIGGERS TO GLOBAL RATIONALIZATION

4. 4 PHASE 3: GLOBAL RATIONALIZATION world markets

5. 5 PHASE 3: KEY STRATEGIC DECISIONS n Establish Global Portfolio of Countries, Products, Market Segments n Develop Global Marketing Strategy – Broad-Based, Focused, Hybrid n Improve Efficiency of Production and Logistics

6. Scale Efficiencies (Tangible and Intangible) Learning Transfer of Ideas, Products, Programs, Experience and Know- how (Best Practices) LEVERAGING: SYNERGIES 6 LEADING

7. TYPICAL FIRMS IN INTEGRATION PHASE 7

8. 8 Products/Product Lines Existing New Segments/Customers New Existing Countries/Regions Existing New Stage in Value Chain Existing New GLOBAL MARKET GROWTH DIRECTIONS

9. 9 RE-ENGINEERING THE GLOBAL PORTFOLIO

10. 10

11. 11

12. 12 Market Attractiveness low high Competitive Strength Asia Latin America Africa U.S. Europe SBU PORTFOLIOS: REGION

13. 13 COMPETITOR A Market Attractiveness Low High Competitive Strength Japan Argentina Brazil China Germany France U.K. U.S. COMPETITOR B Market Attractiveness Low High Competitive Strength Japan S. Korea Brazil China Germany France U.K. U.S. Hungary Key Countries FOOD AND BEVERAGE PORTFOLIOS

14. 14 Macro-Economic n Import/Exports Between Countries n Air Traffic n Mail Flows n Communication (media links) n Tourist Flows n Geographic Proximity Product-Market n Flows of Goods n Common Distributors Retailer Organization n Network of Service Organizations n Gray Markets and Parallel Importation n Presence of Same Competition n Presence of Same Customers Firm Specific n Family Branding/Corporate Name n Common Production Facilities n Common Suppliers n Shared R&D Expenditure n Shared Warehousing Facilities n Shared Marketing Expenditure n Common Sales force n Shared Distribution Facilities GEOGRAPHIC MARKET LINKAGES

15. 15 FOOD AND BEVERAGE EXPANSION OPTIONS FOR A COMPANY

16. 16 n Growth vs. Mature Markets n Risk Diversification n Geographic Concentration (Market Interconnectedness) BALANCING THE PORTFOLIO

17. 17 Dragon Low High Growth Markets Mature Markets Market Interconnectedness Tiger GoatOx BALANCING THE GLOBAL PORTFOLIO

18. 18 n Need to chart direction for long-run growth n Importance of balancing growth vs. mature markets n Growing integration of markets impacts expansion choice IMPLICATIONS