1. Wetlands - Many Names, One Common Factor: Water In New England: Salt marsh Freshwater marsh Swamp Bog Tidal flat Mud flat In other places: Pothole Slough Bayou Adapted from presentations by Linda Armstrong and Creek Connection

2. Marshes Can have salt or freshwater Salt marshes are tidal and have highly variable conditions Along coasts and waterways Large marshes up to 7 feet deep; small marshes may dry up in summer. Soft-stemmed vegetation

3. Swamps - Woody plants - Often near waterways - Shallow water - May dry up in summer

4. Bogs In deep depressions that do not drain or drain slowly Peat, sphagnum moss Acidic, can be very deep, saturated with water Can be surrounded by trees & shrubs Cranberry bogs have sandy soil

5. Tidal flats or Mud flats Many shellfish, worms, crustaceans, and other invertebrates live under surface and provide food for other organisms Seabirds feed on mudflats Sand or mud moved by tide, currents, and storms

6. Vernal Pools “Temporary wetlands”-no fish Vary in size Fill in spring and early summer after snow melts and early rains Important as breeding places for for amphibians and macroinvertebrates

7. Scrub-Shrub Wetlands - Small trees and shrubs - Common near lakes and streams

8. Emergent Wetlands - Emergent plants - Grasses, sedges, rushes (round). and soft stemmed herbaceous plants Grass Sedges Rushes