1. History of Computers and Programming Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved. 1 How we went from this To this Early Chinese counting board: Used with permission Robyn Segrest 01/08/2015

2. Group Discussion Questions: 1.What is the simplest definition of a computer? 2.What defines a modern computer? 3.What is software? 4.What was the first computer? If you don’t know make a guess… 2 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved.

3. 1.Counting boards and abaci 2.1709 – 1782: Jacques de Vaucanson 3.1791 – 1871: Charles Babbage 4.1815 – 1852: Countess of Lovelace (Augusta Ada Byron King) 5.1910 – 1995: Konrad Zuse 6.1906 – 1992: Grace Hopper Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved. 3

4. 7.1903 – 1957: John von Neumann 8.1946: ENIAC 9.1956: Keyboards and RAMACs 10.1923 – 2005: Jack Kilby 11.1960: Development of Major Languages 12.1961: IBM 1301 Disk Storage Unit 4 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved.

5. 13.1963: ASCII 14.1964: Networking, BASIC 15.1965: Simula 16.1960s: Space Race 17.1969: ARPANET 18.1970: ATM, ARPANET, Shakey 5 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved.

6. 19.1972: 8008 CPU, First true video game released 20.1975: 8800 kit 21.Steve Wozniak 1950 – 22.1977:  PET (Personal Electronic Transistor)  TRS-80  2600 Video Computer System 23. 1979: Worms 24.1981 6 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved.

7. 25. 1984  First mouse and GUI-driven computer introduced 26.Bjarne Stroustrup published “The C++ Programming Language” 27. 1990  Scientist at CERN developed HTML  First OS that satisfied PC users and provided support for large graphical applications was released 28.1991  Finnish student, Linus Torvalds, was dissatisfied with the state of the computer software industry as they became more secretive and proprietary with their code 29.1993  Intel released Pentium processors  Mosaic web browser introduced 7 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved.