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Conversations with the Earth Tom Burbine

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Presentation on theme: "Conversations with the Earth Tom Burbine"— Presentation transcript:

1 Conversations with the Earth Tom Burbine tburbine@framingham.edu

2 Quiz on Thursday Forming life on Earth

3 http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=- 5878733356144169008#http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=- 5878733356144169008#

4 Basic Definition of Life Growth Metabolism Motion Reproduction Stimulus response

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8 organic compound - one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen.

9 Amino acids – building blocks of proteins

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11 EssentialNonessential IsoleucineAlanine LeucineArginine LysineAspartate MethionineCysteine PhenylalanineGlutamate ThreonineGlutamine TryptophanGlycine ValineProline HistidineSerine TyrosineAsparagine SelenocysteinePyrrolysine Essential – can’t be synthesized by humans Nonessential - can be synthesized by humans

12 polypeptide - single linear chain of amino acids proteins –chains of amino acids

13 Three major macromolecules are essential for all known forms of life. –Proteins –Nucleic acids – carry genetic information RNA – Ribonucleic acid DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid

14 Oparin-Haldane Hypothesis (1920s) Aleksandr Oparin and John Haldane independently came up with the idea that life could have originated from chemical reactions in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere

15 If the early atmosphere was rich in hydrogen- containing gases such as methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3), sunlight or lightning could cause organic compounds to form

16 Miller-Urey experiment (1952) Tested whether organic compounds could be produced from inorganic precursors

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18 Experiment formed organic compounds Experiment formed amino acids

19 http://academicearth.org/lectures/dna-introduction

20 human and mouse genomes have some 3 billion DNA base pairs

21 RNA –transfers genetic information and makes proteins and other compounds DNA – stores genetic information

22 DNA

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25 James Watson and Francis Crick discovered that DNA had a double helix structure DNA contains the genetic information that allows all modern living things to function, grow and reproduce.

26 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sf0YXnAFBs8

27 Any Questions?

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