1. Electrical System
Intro to Automotives

2. Basics of Electricity Definition:
The movement of electrons in a conductor.

3. Terms
Voltage: Is the electrical pressure that causes current to flow. Current: The quantity of electrons moving through a conductor. Resistance: Is measured in ohms, usually the load, such as a light. OHMS LAW: Voltage = Current X Resistance

4. Starting System

5. Battery Stores Chemical Energy Supply electrical energy to the starter
Supplement the alternator
Lights
Radio
Etc.

6. Key Switch Connects or disconnects electrical current from flowing.
Completes the circuit to the solenoid starter

7. Solenoid
Electrical Switch
Changes low current to high current

8. Starter Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
Connected to the flywheel gears, which is connected to the crankshaft, which moves the pistons

9. Neutral Safety Switch Keeps vehicle from starting while in gear
Allows current to flow in starting system when in “PARK”

10. Common Starting System Problems
Bad/Worn out starter or solenoid
Dead Battery
Short circuited or broken wire

11. Charging System

12. Charging System The reverse of the starting system
Recharges the battery
Energy Conversion
Consists of four (4) main components
Mechanical
Electrical
Chemical

13. Drive Belt Connects crankshaft to Alternator Sometimes connected to…
Power steering pump
Water pump
Air conditioning
2 types of belts…
Serpentine
“V”- belts

14. Serpentine Belt Multi-ribbed Grooves run parallel
Replace every 50,000 miles

15. V-belts Usually narrow Cross-section looks like a “V”
Replace every 25,000 miles

16. Alternator Converts mechanical energy to electric energy
Does both AC & DC

17. Battery Stores Chemical Energy 12-volt DC
Converts electrical energy to chemical energy
Supplements the alternator
Lights
Radio
Etc.

18. Voltage Regulator Located in or near the alternator
Regulates the Voltage
Should be about 14.5 volts while the engine is running

19. Other Component Information

20. Fuses Located in the junction block Rated in Amps 5,10, 15, etc…
2 types of fuzzes
Glass Cylinder
Blade

21. Headlights
Headlights
Sealed Beam
Composite
Halogen
Filled with gas

22. Questions/Discussion…
Electrical System
Questions/Discussion…