2. Socio Economic Development of the Under Privileged Poor Sustainable environmental resource Management Education and Health & Nutrition Human Right s And Good Governance Sustainable People’s Organization Shushilan's Development Intervention

3. Uniqueness in context Coastal area Very adjacent to Sundarbans & Bay of Bengal Highly saline prone area Disaster prone area Extreme poverty

4. Introduction/Problem: Safe drinking water scarcity High salinity in both surface and ground water Existing fresh water sources are also saline contaminated due to gradual expansion of shrimp farming Lack of low cost, affordable and sustainable water options The main water facilities are RWHS, Pond Sand Filter (PSF) or Tube wells (TW), but most of TWs are becoming saline There are some reverse osmosis system / solar distillation have been explored but due to highly expensive, low flow rates etc have been believed unacceptable for use

5. Introduction/Problem: As experienced, in many cases, main option PSFs become out of order due to pond water contamination for intensive fish culture and lack of proper operation & maintenance Frequent disaster Around 40% people have access to safe drinking water People are being forced to drink which are unpalatable & unsafe or they have to travel several kilometers to collect Diarrheal diseases are common, & a main cause of infant mortality Increased women & adolescent girls harassment and torture

6. WASH related projects Sl. Name of Project/Program Funded by Location (Upazila) Budget BDT Project period Major Activities 1 Climate Change Adaptation Focusing Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene promotion in coastal Area of Bangladesh. WaterAidShyamnago r, Satkhira 4,78,52,515 October 2011 to septembe r2014 Community led situation analysis, community mobilization, Adaptation focusing water & sanitation options, hygiene promotions etc 2 Union Parishad Led Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion in South-West Coastal Area European Union Morelgonj, Bagerhat 171,54600 March 2011 to February 2014 UP capacity building, Community mobilization, Situation analysis, hygiene promotion, water options & sanitation options, peoples organizations 3 Action research on ground water buffering by artificial recharge in Khulna, Satkhira & Bagerhat Dhaka University and UNICEF Botiaghata, Khulna and Shyamnagor & Asasuni, Satkhira Oct’10 - Dec’13 Ground water recharge

7. WASH related projects Sl. Name of Project/Program Funded by Location (Upazila) Budget BDT Project period Major Activities 4 Enhancing Environmental Health by Community Organization (SUF) Water Aid Bangladesh (WAB) Shyamnagor Upazila 18604494.00 April’09 - Mar’11 Safe water & Sanitation options and hygiene promotion, Capacity building, Awareness, Advocacy 5Promoting Environmental Health through Sustainable Provision for Safe Water and Sanitation Water Aid Bangladesh (WAB) Shyamnagor and Asasuni Upazila 78966770.00 Nov’05- Mar’09 Safe water & Sanitation options and hygiene promotion, Capacity building, Awareness, grass roots organization development 6 Search for adaptable model of urine Diversion Latrine ( UDL) in emergencies for disaster affected displaced population Oxfam GBPaddapukur Union, Shyamnagor and Koyra Sadar, Koyra Upazila 4902006.00 May’10- April’11 UDL design & fabrication and installation, hygiene promotion, capacity building, final model development

8. WASH related projects 7 Piloting Capacity Building of Private Latrine Producers Governments of and Local Government Support Unit (LGSU) and HYSAWA Project 1.Noakhali District: Senbag & Chatkhil Upazila 2.Feni District: Daghonbhuyia, Feni sadar, Chagolnaya, Fulgazi & Pashuram, 3.lakshmipur District: Ramganj Upazila, 1500000.00 Feb ‘11 - Oct ‘11 Prepare lists of existing latrine producers, capacity building of latrine producers and market linkage development 8 Safe water & sanitation for Cyclone affected families CARE - Bangladesh Morelgonj & Saronkhola Upazila, Satkhira District 13590397.00 June’08 – Nov’08 Latrine Installation, PFSs & RWHS installation and Repair 9 Emergency humanitarian aid project in Satkhira district Concern Worldwide Shyamnagor and Asasuni, Satkhira 18,29,695May’09 - June ‘09 Water options, Sanitation options, hygiene promotion, WSP and capacity dev.

9. WASH related projects 10 Structural Risk Reduction Interventions at Sidr & Aila affected coastal area CDMP- DMRB /UNDP Amtoli Upazila, Barguna 19200000Oct’10 – Mar’11Water options (PSF, RWHS, DTW), Sanitation options (Latrine), Embankment & earthen road construction 11Capacity Building of Union Level Disaster Management Committees to Reduce Vulnerability of the Community in Shyamnagor Upazila Under Satkhira District of Southwest Coastal Region in Bangladesh CDMP- DMRB /UNDP Shyamnagor Upazila, Satkhira 51780002006-2009 CRA, UDMC capacity building, RWHS, Latrines, 12 Community based Rain Water harvesting plants project for safe drinking water UNDPShyamnagor Upazila 676,107 April’09- May’09 Community based Rain Water harvesting plants

10. Last 4 Years Total Budget and WASH Fund Particulars2008-20092009-20102010-20112011-2012 Total Budget 24,14,51,62523,82,03,84641,12,06,642 73,89,46,352 WASH fund262734167565721582598405729588728 Percentage (%) 81474 WASH related Staffs: Around 52 staffs including 5 Public Health Engineers

11. Approach to Implement WASH Interventions 1.Community Led Demand Driven Approach 2. Union Parishad Led Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion

12. Major Interventions/Activities Community mobilization and Awareness: –Clustering (around 100 families) –Community Situation Analysis (CSA) –Swa-Unnayan Committee (SUC) formation –Development of Cluster Action Plan (CAP) –Swa-Unnayan Committee meetings –Mass awareness through rally, WatSan mela, Picture drama, drawing competition etc –Swa-Unnayan Forum at different level

13. Major Interventions/Activities Hygiene Promotion: –Hygiene group formation (around 25 representatives) –Child group formation (around 10 children) –Student forum at school (250 schools) –Hygiene sessions at groups and student forums –Hygiene practice monitoring through small groups

14. Major Interventions/Activities Installation & Rehabilitation of Water Options: –Pond Sand Filter (PSF) –Disaster resilience Pond and PSF –Rain Water Harvester (RCC & Low cost using earthen Jar/Motka) –Deep tube well and Shallow tube well –Water Facilities at Cyclone shelter –Ring well –Water quality test

15. Major Interventions/Activities Installation & Rehabilitation of Sanitation Options: –Latrine at HH level –Community latrine at public places –Cluster latrine –School latrine –Sanitation facilities at Cyclone shelter –DAP friendly latrine –Low cost latrine demonstration

16. Major Interventions/Activities Capacity Building of community: –Swa-Unnayan committee/Forum –Caretakers of different options –Imam/religious leaders, Teachers, Youth etc –Community Volunteers Capacity Building of LGIs & Sanitation Task Forces Capacity building of UDMCs Capacity building of project staffs

17. Different piloting: Piloting Water Safety Plan (WSP) in 6 villages in Shyamnagor and now scaling up in all area Community managed water resources management piloting in 2 ponds under Shyamnagor & Asasuni Upazila Piloting water selling (PSF water) for sustainability of the water points Piloting Disaster resilience pond and PSF Piloting on Ring Well Low cost latrines with innovative super structures Piloting Urine Diversion Latrine (UDL) Piloting ground water recharge

18. Some Innovations/Successes 1. Managed Aquifer Re-charge Technology

19. Some Innovations/Successes 2. Disaster Resilience Pond and PSF

20. 3. PSF water selling for long term sustainability

21. 4. WatSan Facility and Delivery Chamber at Cyclone Shelter

22. 5. Deep Tube Well with raised platform 6. Ring Well with raised platform

23. 7. Low cost RWHS at HH level 8. 8. Stopped Lease out of Khash Pond and preserved as safe water reservoirs

24. 9. Low cost HH Latrine with innovative Superstructure

25. 9. DAP Friendly Model Village 10. DAP Forum 9. DAP Friendly Latrine

26. 11. Swa-Unnayan Forum

27. Constraints/Limitations/Challenges Faced: Some of the areas have no Safe drinking water sources, neither on the surface, nor in the underground. High salinity, Arsenic & iron in water Very limited low cost, affordable & sustainable safe drinking water and sanitation option Limited resources Frequent disaster

28. Increasing trend of shrimp Gher resulting different safe drinking water sources become saline Occupational displacement due to shrimp farming resulting seasonal migration Worst/most terrible situation of road communication Very conservative area resulting less women participation in different sessions and others activities. Constraints/Limitations/Challenges Faced:

29. Worked with ArupWater, Australia to find out location specific, low cost, affordable & sustainable water options for saline area Need adequate test boring to find out fresh water aquifer as some areas have no Safe drinking water sources Build up civil society Network for proper advocacy at different level Conduct different piloting Adequate research to find out low cost, affordable & sustainable safe water and sanitation options Steps have been / to be taken situation:

30. Steps have been / to be taken: Special allocation to provide safe drinking water options in costal areas Considering frequent disaster water & sanitation options need to be redesigned Need adequate test boring to find out fresh water aquifer Disaster focus community mobilization & hygiene promotion Preparation for disaster response & rehabilitation Strengthening advocacy initiatives at grass roots and policy level to ensure access of safe drinking water