1. Speech Gathering Information

2. Sources – Yourself Personal Experiences Use your knowledge on the topic Firsthand info is interesting May be the only info you need for your speech Observation Try to “see” not “look” Write your observations Recognize differences, anything unusual Take notes

3. Sources - Others Interview Others Knowledgeable source Reliable source Survey Mostly used to measure attitudes and opinions Write questions clearly and concisely Survey amble people.

4. Sources – The Library Read about your topic Use reference books Encyclopedias Almanacs Atlases Biographical sources Books of quotations Dictionaries Newspaper and Magazine Articles ODIN databases

5. Sources – the Internet BE CAREFUL WHICH SITES YOU USE!! Examine the domain (.org,.edu) Look for the “about” section that gives information on the site and its creators Check for currency or last update Check that the web site documents its sources – need trustworthy sites only!

6. Record Your Information Use note cards Copy information from the source Author Title (book, periodical and article, website, etc.) Date of publication – last update for website Page number, if applicable Access date Use a working bibliography Keep track of your sources – don’t lose a source!

7. Incorporate sources into speech Include sources Name of source Author Page number (if available) Use several sources to avoid plagiarism Orally cite sources in your speech! “According to the article in Time, January 14, 2003, page 34..” “John Smith, in his book Writing Speeches, states... “In an article on the nature of time posted on the Web site Nobelprize.org, professor of comparative literature Anders Cullhed notes... “