1. Chapter 2 Concept Review
Earth as a System

2. 1
Asthenosphere:
The solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it.

3. 2
Atmosphere:
A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon

4. 3
Lithosphere:
The solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and rigid upper part of the mantle

5. 4
System:
A set of particles or interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study

6. 5
Core:
The central part of Earth below the mantle

7. 6
Hydrosphere:
The portion of Earth that is water

8. 7
Biosphere:
The part of Earth where life exists; includes all of the living organisms on Earth

9. 8
Mantle:
The layer of rock between Earth’s crust and core; denser than the crust

10. 9
Crust:
The thin and solid outermost layer of Earth above the mantle

11. 10
Geosphere:
The mostly solid, rocky part of Earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust

12. 11
The “middle sphere,” the strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core is called the ________
mesosphere

13. 12
A system in which both energy and matter are exchanged with the surroundings is called a(n) _________ __________
Open system

14. 13
All of the following are processes through which Earth’s energy and matter passes EXCEPT the ________ _______
Oxygen cycle

15. 14
What are the Earth’s pole-to-pole circumference and equatorial circumference measurements?
Pole-to-pole circumference = 40,007 km
Equatorial circumference = 40,074 km

16. 15
The force of attraction between any two objects depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them, according to _______ ____ ___ _______
Newton’s law of gravitation

17. 16
Earth’s shape is a(n)
Oblate sphereoid

18. 17
A community of organisms and their abiotic environment is called a(n)
ecosystem

19. 18 The possible source of Earth’s magnetic core is
The liquid iron in its outer core

20. 19 What can happen to energy as it passes through an ecosystem?
It can be lost

21. 20
Which factors do NOT control the balance of an ecosystem?
creators

22. The End???