1. General Organization of the Motor Systems

2. Reflex arc Neural “wiring” of reflex Requires 5 functional components: 1. sensory receptor, 2. sensory neuron, 3. intergrating center (SC or BS), 4. motor neuron, & 5. effector

6. curve A, in a normal muscle, and curve B, in a muscle whose muscle spindles were denervated

8. Muscle Spindle Reflex

11. Golgi Tendon Reflex

12. withdrawal crossed extensor

13. Myogram of the flexor reflex showing rapid onset of the reflex, an interval of fatigue, and, finally, afterdischarge after the input stimulus is over.

14. Myogram of a crossed extensor reflex showing slow onset but prolonged afterdischarge

15. Control of voluntary movement

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19. The somatosensory cortex homunculus & The motor cortex homunculus

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21. Inputs to motor cortex SMA Premotor cortex Primary motor cortex Thalamus Basal ganglia Cerebellum Spinal/sensory inputs Thalamus Primary sensory cortex

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26. DECEREBRATION and DECORTICATION

27. Plantar Response Scrape object on sole of foot. Babinski sign indicative of UMN lesion. Normal in infants up to 1 yr.