1. Chapter 3 Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619–1700

3. I. The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism 1517 Martin Luther-Protestant Reformation 1530 King Henry VIII leaves Catholic Church Puritans – Wanted ‘pure’ English Church. Separatists – Wanted to break away from Ch. Of England.

5. John Calvin

6. King Henry VIII

7. II. The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth 1608 Separatists fled to Holland 1620 Some Separatists (known as Pilgrims) sailed on the Mayflower to Plymouth Bay. Mayflower Compact – An agreement to form a majority government. (usually)

9. The Mayflower carried 102 ‘Pilgrims’

10. Signing the Mayflower Compact

11. Pilgrims @ Plymouth Rock (no historical evidence)

12. Another traditional view

13. Painting in the White House

15. p42

16. III. The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth 1630 Puritans found Massachusetts Bay Colony – ~70,000 refugees leave England, Great Migration Massachusetts Bay Colony – Largest and most influential colony. Colonists believed they had a covenant with God to build a holy society.

17. Map 3-1a p44

18. Map 3-1b p44

19. IV. Building the Bay Colony Franchise for “freemen” – Men who belong to church The Bay Colony was not a democracy Taxes for the government-supported church

20. V. Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth Quakers were persecuted Anne Hutchinson banished Roger Williams was an extreme Separatist – Arrested, found guilty, fled to Rhode Island Started Baptist church in Providence

21. Hutchinson being drummed out of town

22. p45 Anne Hutchinson The Dissenter

23. Roger Williams – Founder of Rhode Island

24. VI. The Rhode Island “Sewer” Complete freedom of religion – Even for Quakers, Jews and Catholics Rhode Island - the most liberal colony Exercised simple manhood suffrage More freedom of opportunity Strongly individualistic & independent

25. Massachusetts Bay Colony

26. VII. New England Spreads Out New England fertile farming area Connecticut’s Fundamental Orders (1639) – Modern democratic constitution Massachusetts Bay Colony expand New Hampshire made a royal colony

27. Map 3-2 p46

28. VIII. Puritans Versus Indians 1618-19 epidemic killed 3/4s of natives Wampanoag Indians befriended the settlers 1621 The first Thanksgiving was celebrated 1637 Pequot War – Colonial victory 1675-1676 King Philip’s War (First Indian War) – Colonial victory

29. p47

34. IX. Seeds of Colonial Unity and Independence New England Confederation (1643) – Primary aim was to defend against the Indians – Essentially an exclusive Puritan club King Charles II more aggressive towards colonies – Connecticut charter changed – Rhode Island new charter OKs religious tolerance – Mass. Bay Colony charter was revoked

35. Table 3-1 p48

36. KING JAMES I OF ENGLAND

38. p49

39. X. Andros Promotes the First American Revolution England creates Dominion of New England – New England, New York, and East and West Jersey – Sir Edmund Andros headed the Dominion Navigation Laws – Limited colonial trade

40. p49 Sir Edmund Andros

41. Map 3-3 p49

42. Most products could be bought/sold only to England

43. X. Andros Promotes the First American Revolution The Glorious (or Bloodless) Revolution – Catholic James II overthrown – Protestant rulers William II and Mary II The new monarchs inaugurated a period of “salutary neglect”

44. King James II of England

45. William and Mary

46. XI. Old Netherlanders at New Netherland The Netherlands - A colonial power – Dutch East India Company New Netherland along Hudson River – Patroonships, feudal estates, were built Bought Manhattan Island from the Indians – New Amsterdam (later New York City)

48. p51 A Woman, by Gerret Duyckinck Depicts a prosperous woman in colonial New York. An example of the local aristocracy know as the “Hudson River lords.”

49. XII. Friction with English and Swedish Neighbors Manhattan setters erected a protective wall – Wall Street New Sweden claimed on the Delaware River – Attacked & taken over by the Dutch

50. New Amsterdam

52. New Sweden & Log Cabins

53. The forts of New Sweden.

54. Map 3-4 p51

55. XIII. Dutch Residues in New York 1664 England seizes New Netherlands – New Amsterdam renamed New York English banner from Maine to the Carolinas

57. XIV. Penn’s Holy Experiment in Pennsylvania William Penn – Given land by English king – Attracted many immigrants, especially Quakers Quakers, English dissenters – Refused to pay religious taxes, took no oaths – Refused military service

58. William Penn

60. p53

62. XV. Quaker Pennsylvania and Its Neighbors 1681 Penn launched his colony – Bought land from Indians – Representative assembly elected by landowners – “Blue laws” prohibited many activities – Quakers very anti-slavery New Jersey was started by two nobles (1664) Delaware was granted its assembly (1773)

63. p54

64. XVI. The Middle Way in the Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania – Fertile soil was fertile good for farming – Rivers good for trade (commerce) – Industry flourished in the middle colonies – Varied population, religious toleration – Considerable economic & social democracy Britain continued its hands-off policies.

65. p59