1. Chapter 5 Table of Contents Section 1 Body Organization
Body Organization and Structure
Table of Contents
Section 1 Body Organization
Section 2 The Skeletal System
Section 3 The Muscular System

2. Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization
Bellringer
Match the body system in the first column with the correct function in the second column:
1. respiratory system a. regulates body functions
2. muscular system b. breaks down food
3. digestive system c. pumps blood
4. circulatory system d. absorbs oxygen
5. endocrine system e. moves bones
Record your answers in your science journal.

3. Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization
Objectives
Describe how cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems are related.
List 11 organ systems.
Identify how organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis.

4. Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems
Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization
Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems
The many kinds of cells in your body help your internal environment stay stable.
The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment is called homeostasis.

5. Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems, continued
Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization
Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems, continued
Cells Form Tissues A group of similar cells working together forms a tissue. Your body has four main kinds of tissue.

6. Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems, continued
Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization
Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems, continued
Tissues Form Organs Two or more tissues working together to carry out a specialized function form an organ.

7. How Organ Systems Work Together
Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization
How Organ Systems Work Together
Organs Form Systems Organs that work together make up an organ system.
Organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
Your body has 11 major organ systems.

8. Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization

9. Chapter 5
Section 2 The Skeletal System
Bellringer
Brainstorm some problems you would have if you lacked bones. Do you know any kinds of animals that don’t have bones? Do you know of any animals that wear their “skeletons” on the outside of their bodies?
Record your answer in your science journal.

10. Chapter 5 Objectives Identify the major organs of the skeletal system.
Section 2 The Skeletal System
Objectives
Identify the major organs of the skeletal system.
Describe four functions of the skeletal system.
Describe how bones grow and are repaired.
Describe three joints.
List three injuries and two diseases that affect bones and joints.

11. Chapter 5
Section 2 The Skeletal System
Bones
Bones, cartilage, and the connective tissue that holds bonds together make up your skeletal system.
Bone Structure Bone tissue without any visible open spaces is called compact bone. Bone tissue that has many open spaces is called spongy bone. Bones contain a soft tissue called marrow.
Bone Growth Most bones start out as a flexible tissue called cartilage. As you grow, most cartilage is replaced by bone.

12. Chapter 5
Section 2 The Skeletal System

13. Chapter 5
Section 2 The Skeletal System
Joints
A place where two or more bones meet is called a joint.
Joints are held together by ligaments.

14. Skeletal System Injuries and Diseases
Chapter 5
Section 2 The Skeletal System
Skeletal System Injuries and Diseases
Bones may be fractured or broken.
Ligaments can be stretched too far or torn.
Arthritis is a disease that causes the joints to swell or stiffen.
Osteoporosis is a disease that causes bones to become less dense.

15. Chapter 5
Section 3 The Muscular System
Bellringer
List five body parts that you use when you drink a glass of water. Do you use any of those same body parts when you eat an apple? Do you use any of those same body parts when you pick up a heavy box?
Record your response in your science journal.

16. Chapter 5
Section 3 The Muscular System
Objectives
List the function of three kinds of muscle tissue in the muscular system.
Describe how skeletal muscles move bones.
Compare aerobic exercise with resistance exercise.
Describe two muscular system injuries.

17. Chapter 5 Kinds of Muscle
Section 3 The Muscular System
Kinds of Muscle
The muscular system is made up of the muscles that let you move.
Involuntary muscle found in the digestive tract and the walls of the blood vessels is called smooth muscle. Involuntary muscle found in your heart is called cardiac muscle.
Muscle attached to your skeleton for movement is called skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle can be voluntary or involuntary.

18. Chapter 5 Chapter 5 Movement
Section 3 The Muscular System
Movement
Muscles Attach to Bones Tendons are strands of tough connective tissue that connect your skeletal muscles to your bones.
Muscles Work in Pairs Skeletal muscles often work in pairs. A muscle that bends part of your body is called a flexor. A muscle that straightens part of your body is an extensor.

19. Chapter 5
Chapter 5
Section 3 The Muscular System

20. Muscular Movement and Bones
Chapter 5
Section 3 The Muscular System
Muscular Movement and Bones

21. Chapter 5 Use It or Lose It
Section 3 The Muscular System
Use It or Lose It
Resistance Exercise During resistance exercise, people work against the resistance, or weight, of an object to strengthen their skeletal muscles.
Aerobic Exercise Steady, moderately intense activity is called aerobic exercise, which strengthens the heart and increases endurance.

22. Chapter 5
Section 3 The Muscular System
Muscle Injury
A strain is an injury in which a muscle or tendon is overstretched or torn.
People who exercise too much can hurt their tendons. Inflammation of a tendon is called tendinitis.
Some people try to make their muscles stronger by taking drugs. These drugs are called anabolic steroids and can cause long-term health problems.

23. Chapter 5
Section 4 The Integumentary System
Bellringer
List at least three situations in which dogs pant. How do humans respond to those same situations? Why do you think dogs pant? Do you know of any other animals that pant?
Write your responses in your science journal.

24. Chapter 5 Concept Mapping
Body Organization and Structure
Concept Mapping
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
connective
nervous
homeostasis
organs
epithelial
tissues
organ systems
cells

25. Concept Mapping, continued
Chapter 5
Body Organization and Structure
Concept Mapping, continued

26. Concept Mapping, continued
Chapter 5
Body Organization and Structure
Concept Mapping, continued

27. Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization

28. Chapter 5
Section 1 Body Organization

29. Chapter 5
Section 2 The Skeletal System