1. Circulatory System Overview Includes heart, blood, and blood vessels
Functions of the Circulatory System (CS)
Internal transportation system
Delivers O2 and nutrients to cells
Removes CO2 and other wastes from cells
Heart pumps blood throughout the body

2. Circulatory System Circulation (Movement of blood)
Coronary circulation: the flow of blood to and from the tissues of the heart
Pulmonary circulation: the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs where it is oxygenated and returned to the heart
Systemic circulation: oxygen-rich blood flows from the heart to the organs and tissues of the body, and oxygen-poor blood returns to the heart from the body

3. The Circulatory System (DRAW)
Systemic
Pulmonary

4. Heart Septum The heart is divided into two sides by the septum
Septum – A thick wall of tissue that separates the heart into left & right sides
Prevents oxygen-rich blood from mixing with oxygen-poor blood
Septum

5. Right Atrium Left Atrium
There are four chambers in the heart
Two upper chambers are called atria
Receive blood from body and lungs
Right Atrium
Left Atrium

6. Right Ventricle Left Ventricle
Two lower chambers called ventricles
Pump blood to body and lungs
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle

7. The atrium & ventricles on the right have oxygen-poor blood returning from the body

8. The atrium & ventricles on the left have oxygen-rich blood returning from the lungs

9. Blood flows in one direction from atrium to ventricle and is controlled by one-way valves

10. Review!

12. Blood Vessels (3 Main Types) A. Arteries
Carry blood AWAY from the heart to tissues and organs.
Thick walled and muscular WHY?
The Aorta is the largest artery, & carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
Artery
Capillary
Vein

13. Capillaries Connect veins & arteries
Walls are very thin and porous to exchange materials What materials?
Artery
Capillary
Vein
Blood cells pass thru most caps in single file. Blood doesn’t actually enter tissue space. Nutrients and waste

14. Veins Carry blood to the heart. Thin-walled and muscular.
Many are located near and between skeletal muscles (WHY?)
Large veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood.
Artery
Capillary
Vein

15. Force of blood on the walls of blood vessels
Blood Pressure
Force of blood on the walls of blood vessels
Highest in arteries, lowest in veins
Rises and falls with heart beat
Normal is below 120/80
First number is systolic (blood is being pumped)
Second number is diastolic (heart refills w/blood)
is prehypertension; >140 is hypertension

16. Blood General information: Human body contains 4-6 liters
Carries oxygen (lungs) and nutrients (digestive system) to body, and carbon dioxide from body to lungs
Carries waste products from cells to kidneys
Fight infection and heals wounds
There are 4 components to blood:
Plasma.
Red blood cells.
White blood cells
Platelets

17. Plasma
Plasma is the liquid portion of blood.
Plasma is 92% water.
Plasma carries nutrients, salts, hormones, enzymes, wastes, white blood cells, & red blood cells.

18. Red Blood Cells (RBC)
Red blood cells carry oxygen & carbon dioxide throughout the body.
Have hemoglobin which binds to oxygen and carries it in the RBC.
RBC’s are made in bone marrow

19. White blood cells (WBC)
White blood cells protect the body against infection.
Most are created in bone marrow

20. Platelets
Platelets are cell fragments that help clot blood.

21. The separation of blood
Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged

22. Cardiovascular Disease
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is caused by fatty deposits which build up on the inner walls of the arteries.
The most common cause of heart attacks today
Kills over 1 million Americans a year

23. Hypertension Aneurysm High blood pressure
Damages blood vessels and makes the heart work harder.
Can cause strokes & contribute to heart attacks.
Aneurysm
Weakened, bulging artery wall; can burst
No symptoms!

24. Stroke
Interruption of blood to the brain
Caused by aneurysm, blood clot, or atherosclerosis
Can lead to partial paralysis or death
Risk Factors
Age
Gender
Genetics
High fat diet
High blood pressure
Smoking
Stress
Alcohol
Obesity
Inactivity