1. Simulation of Sensor Clustering in WBAN Networks
Project by:
Arundale R.
M.Sc. Computer Science
Centre for Distance Education
Anna University
Roll No.: 1314MCS0048
Reg. No.:
Guided by:
Mr. Kanakasabapathi. V.

2. Wireless Body Area Networks Introduction
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) were primarily developed to address the need for continuously monitoring people (medical patients) suffering from chronic heart diseases, diabetes and such other critical medical conditions.
The IEEE standard ( ) proposes the PHY, MAC and network layer for transmission of data. It also proposes two network topologies viz. One-hop star network and cluster based transmission.

3. WBAN Constraints Sensors are battery operated. So,
Battery capacity is limited
Transmission range is limited
Chestor Simpson, “Characteristics of Re-chargeable batteries”, Texas Instruments, 2000.

4. Proposed System
Develop a simulation environment of sensor nodes to visualize a WBAN and demonstrate how energy consumption can be optimized by finding the shortest route to the base station.
The base station can make long range radio transmissions to reach a node anywhere within the sensor network. However in order for messages to travel from a sensor node to the base station, the message has to hop from node to node in order to maximise the energy conservation.

5. Visualization of proposed system
Base Station
CH1
S1.1
S1.2
S1.3
S1.4
CH2
S2.1
S2.2
S2.3
S2.4
CH3
S3.1
S3.2
S3.3
S3.4
Healthcare provider
Internet
CH : Cluster Header (or) Sensor node
S : sensor
Dotted arrows indicate alternate route to reach base station by more than one hop.
Cluster 3
Cluster 2
Cluster 1

6. Data flow diagram Administrator Create Base Station and Sensor
Clusters,
Assign location,
Voltage level
Start Simulation
Load
configuration
Assign
transmission
Intervals,
Thresholds for
Charging and
distance
Setup Base
Station and
Sensor node
positions
View
Performance
statistics
Find shortest
Path using
Dijkstra's
Algorithm
Choose first
node
Simulate
Battery
discharge
Simulate data
from node
Logs
Configuration
Find all paths
to Base Station
Transmit
data
Choose next

7. System Block diagram Base Station Sensor Nodes Swing JRE Frontend
Simulator
JRE
Swing
Frontend
GUI
Logs
Sensor
Nodes
Base
Station
Dijkstra's
Shortest
path
Path
finder
Config
load /
save
Battery
charge /
discharge
User

8. Class Diagram

9. Dijkstra's Algorithm
(1)
Animation
(2)
Source: Wikipedia
(3)

10. Implementation (Screenshots)
(1) Adding Base station and Nodes
(2) Direct transmit to base station
(3) Out of range node
(4) Skipping low battery node
(5) Transmission by shortest path

11. Results
Sat Sep 19 15:49:03 IST 2015 Consumption (mA): Direct to Base Station:931, Shortest:471
Sat Sep 19 15:49:03 IST 2015 Data: {id:7, time: "9/19/15 3:49 PM",
Sat Sep 19 15:49:03 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 1, type: "temperature", temperature: "96"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:03 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 2, type: "ecg", status: "normal"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:03 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 3, type: "bp", systolic: 129, diastolic: 83},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:03 IST 2015 Data: }
Sat Sep 19 15:49:04 IST 2015 Consumption (mA): Direct to Base Station:827, Shortest:827
Sat Sep 19 15:49:04 IST 2015 Data: {id:8, time: "9/19/15 3:49 PM",
Sat Sep 19 15:49:04 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 1, type: "temperature", temperature: "98"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:04 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 2, type: "ecg", status: "normal"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:04 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 3, type: "bp", systolic: 118, diastolic: 74},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:04 IST 2015 Data: }
Sat Sep 19 15:49:05 IST 2015 Consumption (mA): Direct to Base Station:1200, Shortest:818
Sat Sep 19 15:49:05 IST 2015 Data: {id:9, time: "9/19/15 3:49 PM",
Sat Sep 19 15:49:05 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 1, type: "temperature", temperature: "97"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:05 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 2, type: "ecg", status: "normal"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:05 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 3, type: "bp", systolic: 134, diastolic: 75},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:05 IST 2015 Data: }
Sat Sep 19 15:49:06 IST 2015 Consumption (mA): Direct to Base Station:1045, Shortest:669
Sat Sep 19 15:49:06 IST 2015 Data: {id:10, time: "9/19/15 3:49 PM",
Sat Sep 19 15:49:06 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 1, type: "temperature", temperature: "97"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:06 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 2, type: "ecg", status: "normal"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:06 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 3, type: "bp", systolic: 126, diastolic: 75},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:06 IST 2015 Data: }
Sat Sep 19 15:49:07 IST 2015 Consumption (mA): Direct to Base Station:1204, Shortest:608
Sat Sep 19 15:49:07 IST 2015 Data: {id:11, time: "9/19/15 3:49 PM",
Sat Sep 19 15:49:07 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 1, type: "temperature", temperature: "99"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:07 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 2, type: "ecg", status: "normal"},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:07 IST 2015 Data: {sensor_id: 3, type: "bp", systolic: 133, diastolic: 83},
Sat Sep 19 15:49:07 IST 2015 Data: }
Log file shows data transmitted and corresponding power required. The highlighted (blue) portion indicates savings because of hopping over other sensor nodes.

12. Thank you
End of presentation