1. Radiometric Calibration for the MAIA Laser Receiver Stacey R. Sueoka Mentor: Robert Nolan Supervisor: Don Ruffatto Textron Systems

2. Outline Textron Systems Textron Systems MAIA MAIA ImportanceImportance Laser ranging Laser ranging Radiometric Measurements Radiometric Measurements Laser and receiver systemLaser and receiver system Radiometric Calibration Radiometric Calibration In lab calibrationIn lab calibration Plan for absolute calibrationPlan for absolute calibration Conclusion Conclusion

3. Textron Systems Ohana Out of the 30 people working on Maui, one third were born and raised here Out of the 30 people working on Maui, one third were born and raised here Majority of Kauai Textron employees were born and raised in Hawaii Majority of Kauai Textron employees were born and raised in Hawaii Also provides opportunities for students like me to gain insight on future technical occupations in Hawaii Also provides opportunities for students like me to gain insight on future technical occupations in Hawaii

4. Textron Projects Image processing Image processing Mount control systems Mount control systems Laser radar projects Laser radar projects STSSSTSS HI-CLASSHI-CLASS MAIAMAIA

5. MAIA Location Maui Space Surveillance Site (MSSS) Maui Space Surveillance Site (MSSS) Beam Director/TrackerAdvanced Electro-Optical System http://www.maui.afmc.af.mil/

6. Importance of MAIA Customer - Air Force Customer - Air Force Space Situational AwarenessSpace Situational Awareness High repetition rate laser ranging Radiometric measurements

7. Radiometry Measurement of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation Measurement of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation Used to characterize the satellite Used to characterize the satellite Image by Philip Ronan

8. MAIA Laser Receiver Telescope receives reflected light from object Telescope receives reflected light from object Integrated into the optical subsystem of AEOS (coude room 4) Integrated into the optical subsystem of AEOS (coude room 4) AEOS http://www.maui.afmc.af.mil/

9. Receiver Box Intensified Photo-Diode detector Intensified Photo-Diode detector Reference Detector Reference Detector

10. Step 1: In lab calibration of the IPD Optical table layout for calibration Responsivity = average area divided by energy per pulse

11. Energy read by IPD Responsivity = 1 ADU/ 50 Photons Responsivity = 1 ADU/ 50 Photons Goal is 1 ADU/ 20 PhotonsGoal is 1 ADU/ 20 Photons Efforts in progress to improve responsivityEfforts in progress to improve responsivity Using responsivity: Using responsivity: Divide IPD reading by responsivity to calculate energyDivide IPD reading by responsivity to calculate energy

12. Step 2: Plan for star calibration How do we get there? How do we get there? Select starsSelect stars

13. Check online database for magnitudes Check online database for magnitudes Determine exoatmospheric irradiance at 1064 nm using a technique refined by NGST Determine exoatmospheric irradiance at 1064 nm using a technique refined by NGST Measure Stellar Signal at Several Elevations (Air Masses) Measure Stellar Signal at Several Elevations (Air Masses) Determine extinction coefficientDetermine extinction coefficient Calculate zero pointCalculate zero point

14. Conclusion Recap – What was accomplished : Recap – What was accomplished : Learned about MAIA laser and receiver systemLearned about MAIA laser and receiver system Worked on determining the responsivity of the receiverWorked on determining the responsivity of the receiver Created a procedure for the absolute calibration using starsCreated a procedure for the absolute calibration using stars Supported the optical integration of the receiver into MSSSSupported the optical integration of the receiver into MSSS Gained insight on astronomy and radiometry Gained insight on astronomy and radiometry

15. Acknowledgements Textron Systems Textron Systems Robert NolanRobert Nolan Don RuffattoDon Ruffatto Curtis KruppCurtis Krupp Timothy GeorgesTimothy Georges Chris MatsuuraChris Matsuura Bob LercariBob Lercari Nathan KimuraNathan Kimura Wes UeokaWes Ueoka Kelly KobayashiKelly Kobayashi Air Force Research Laboratory Air Force Research Laboratory Maui Economic Development Board Maui Economic Development Board Maui Community College Maui Community College Institute for Astronomy Institute for Astronomy Center for Adaptive Optics Center for Adaptive Optics Lisa HunterLisa Hunter Scott SeagrovesScott Seagroves Hilary O’BryanHilary O’Bryan Short Course Instructors:Short Course Instructors: Dave Harrington Dave Harrington Jess Johnson Jess Johnson Ryan Montgomery Ryan Montgomery Isar Mostafanezhad Isar Mostafanezhad This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Adaptive Optics, managed by the University of California at Santa Cruz under cooperative agreement No. AST - 9876783.