1. SS Final Review Unit 5

2. Transportation As more railroads were being built, cities grew. Factories were selling more goods because it could now be shipped around the country. As factories grew in cities, the population grew. Farmers grew different types of crops & were able to ship them out to sell. Subways (railroads build under city streets) made getting around easier. Bridges were built to connect the other boroughs of NY to Manhattan. Cars were starting to be used on the streets.

3. Immigration & Labor Sweatshops were crowded, unhealthy places that didn’t pay their workers fairly. Labor unions were formed to help get safe conditions & fair pay to workers. Many immigrants had to work in sweatshops. Many immigrants came to find work, religious freedom & a better life. Many lived in unhealthy tenements. They had to work hard.

4. World War I The U.S wanted to stay neutral. Germany attacked American ships sending supplies to the Allies. U.S. joined the war. Many women worked in the place of the men who were off fighting in the war. The Allies won the war. Women were given the right to vote (19 th Amendment.

5. Great Migration & Great Depression Many African Americans moved up North to work in factories, find better work for better pay, & escape discrimination. This was known as the Great Migration. The Great Depression started after the stock market crashed. Many people were unemployed, factories & businesses closed, farmers couldn’t sell food & make money. Roosevelt’s New Deal was programs made to try to get the country out of depression.

6. World War II The United States wanted to remain neutral. Allie Powers fought against the Axis Powers – Germany, Italy, Japan. U.S. joined the war after Japan attacked a military base in Hawaii – Pearl Harbor. Allies won the war. Many New Yorkers joined the war effort. Factories in NY made supplies for the troops. Buffalo NY was home to the biggest combat airplane factory in the U.S. at that time.

7. Changing Population Many Puerto Ricans migrated to NY looking for more opportunities. The Spanish speaking population grew in NY as a result. People of different ethnic backgrounds participated in government in NY – Shirley Chisholm was the 1 st African American woman in Congress.

8. September 11, 2001 The World Trade Center in NYC was attacked by terrorists. The brave firefighters, police officers, & rescue workers of NYC tried to get everyone out of the buildings. Rudy Giuliani called all the rescue workers heroes. 3,000 people died that day. Many New Yorkers did what they could to help the victims.