1. Adolescence Unit 5 Lesson 5

2. Objectives  Define adolescence and explore theories of.  Identify the developmental tasks of adolescence.  Review physical, cognitive, and personality changes.  Discuss concept of identify formation in adolescence.  Explore social development of adolescence and the role of peers and family.

3. What Is Adolescence?  Transition period between childhood and adulthood where physical and cognitive changes prepare us for adult responsibilities.

4. Physical Changes  Pubescence – Two yrs before puberty Two yrs before puberty Growth spurt Growth spurt Dvpt 2ndary sex characteristics – Dvpt 2ndary sex characteristics – Sex-specific, not essential for reproductionSex-specific, not essential for reproduction  Puberty- Point at which sexual organs mature Point at which sexual organs mature

5. Physical Dvpt GIRLS:  10-12 yrs  Grow 2-3 ½ ‘ per yr  Secondary sex characteristics- Breasts, Hips, Hair growth Breasts, Hips, Hair growth  Primary sex characteristics- 1 st Menarche (period) ~12y 6m 1 st Menarche (period) ~12y 6m Fully mature ~16 Fully mature ~16

6. Physical Dvpt BOYS-  12-14 yrs old  Grow 2-4 ‘ per year  Secondary sex characteristics- Facial/Chest Hair, Broader shoulders, Deeper voices  Primary sex characteristics- 1 st Spermarche (nocturnal emission) ~14 yrs Fully mature ~18

7. Varying Rates of Maturity  Girls 10-15, Boys 11-16  Asynchrony – uneven growth of parts  Boys who mature early may have advantage – excel in sports, attract girls = self-confidence  Girls who mature early may be at disadvantage – embarrassed, pressure to engage in social activities not ready for  Early bloomers= greater drug/alcohol use, more problems w/law  Early girls, late boys = more psych & social problems  Late bloomers either sex feel inferior, sensitive to differences

8. Cognitive Dvpt  Piaget: Enter Stage 4  Formal Operational Hypothetical Abstract Introspection Rationalize Idealistic “messianic complex”  Kohlberg & Morality Conventional

9. Understanding Adolescence  Kurt Lewin (1890-1947) Marginal Man Marginal Man  G. Stanley Hall (1904) Theory of Recapitulation Theory of Recapitulation Period of “storm & stress” Period of “storm & stress”  R.J. Havighurst (1972) Developmental Tasks Developmental Tasks Stress is minimal! Stress is minimal!

10. Havighurst’s Development Tasks  Achieve new & more mature relations with peers of both sexes  Achieve masculine or feminine social role  Accept one’s physique  Achieve emotional independence from parents & adults  Prepare for marriage & family life  Prepare for economic career  Acquire set of values and ethical systems to guide behavior  Desire & achieve socially responsible behavior R.J. Havighurst (1972). Developmental tasks & education. R.J. Havighurst (1972). Developmental tasks & education.